An optomechatronic module is proposed to achieve automatic and efficient calibration of a compact autocollimators for high precision angle measurement. Conventional autocollimators have several disadvantages including large size and high cost, thus efforts over the past decade have focused on producing compact autocollimators. To satisfy the needs of practical applications, the measuring performance of a compact autocollimator must be determined, raising the need for a reliable and efficient calibration module.Integration of the photoelectronic sensor, mechanism design and self-developed software produces a process for efficient calibration. The employed sensor is a dual axis position sensitive detector. The system includes an angular sensing module and an angular control mechanism. and signal processing is achieved through a self-developed measuring program. Comparison with a commercial autocollimator indicates that the proposed system can serve as a reference standard to calibrate other compact autocollimators such as DVD pick-ups. The corresponding measurement curve of a calibrated compact autocollimators can then be automatically determined by the measurement program. Experimental results verify that the standard deviation of the DVD pick-up yaw angle is less than 1.5 arcsec and that of the pitch angle is less than 4.5 arcsec (2σ).With the proposed automatic calibration system, the measuring characteristics of a calibrated compact autocollimator can be determined in a few minutes thus producing low-cost, high-precision angle measurements without commercial autocollimators.