A Novel Sensor for Noninvasive Detection of In Situ Stem Water Content Based on Standing Wave Ratio

Gao, Chao; Zhao, Yue; Zhao, Yandong

doi:10.1155/2019/3594964

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Measurement of Stem Water Content. StWC was monitored by a self-made high-frequency standing wave ratio (SWR) sensor which had been developed in our previous researches and can detect StWC noninvasively in situ and in real time [23]. Based on the previous researches, the performance indexes of SWR sensor can be concluded as follows: axial sensitive distance ≤ 53 mm, radial sensitive distance ≤ 20 mm, measuring range for StWC 1~100%, measuring sensitivity ≥ 10 mV/1% and average measuring error ≤ 1%.…”

Section: Measuring Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem Water Content for Crape Myrtle in Response to Drought, Cold, and Disease Stress

Gao

Zhao

2020

Journal of Sensors

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The abiotic and biotic stresses including drought, cold, and disease stress are linked by the fact that they all decrease the availability of water to plant cells. In previous studies, some physiological factors related with plant water status, such as stem sap flow, leaf transpiration rate, and water potential, were used to assess the effects of these stresses on plants. But there are few studies about the effects of these stresses on stem water content (StWC) which can be measured by a novel SWR sensor. In this study, crape myrtle was selected as an experimental subject and its StWC was observed in four experiments including no stress, drought, cold, and disease stress. Before conducting stress experiments, the StWC and environmental and physiological parameters were synchronously monitored under unstressed conditions on a typical day in summer. In the experiment of drought stress, the StWC was monitored under different gradients of soil moisture. In the experiment of cold stress, the StWC was monitored in warm and cold weather, respectively. In the experiment of disease stress, the StWC was monitored under different frequencies of disease treatment. The results showed that the correlation coefficients between StWC and PAR and VPD were larger than 0.5 and the correlation coefficients between StWC and Pn, Tr, Gs, and Ci were larger than 0.8 under no stress. The diurnal mean of StWC decreased firstly, then remained stable for a period of time, and eventually continued to fall under drought stress. On the whole, there was a negative correlation between the diurnal mean of StWC and the degree of drought stress. The StWC showed opposite diurnal variation rules in warm and cold weather. There was a positive correlation between the diurnal range of StWC and the degree of cold stress. The diurnal minimum, maximum, and mean of StWC showed a positive correlation with the health level of plants and the diurnal range of StWC showed a negative correlation with the health level of plants. In conclusion, the StWC can be used as a qualitative evaluation index of the degree of the three types of stress.

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Section: Measuring Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem Water Content for Crape Myrtle in Response to Drought, Cold, and Disease Stress

Gao

Zhao

2020

Journal of Sensors

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“…Weed control and pesticide spraying were carried out timely. The growth stages of Lagerstroemia indica trees are shown in [2,24]. The electrodes were designed to wrap around stems like an upper and a lower strap ring ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Tree Materials Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stem is one of the two main structural axes of vascular plants, which plays a variety of roles in plants, such as mechanical support of leaves, flowers, and fruits, water transport between root and shoots in xylem and phloem, and water storage [1,2]. The variation of steam water content (StWC) is an important segment of water transport in soilplant-atmosphere continuum and also affects the transport of nutrients and the storage of carbohydrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation Characteristics of Stem Water Content in Lagerstroemia indica and Its Response to Environmental Factors

et al. 2020

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To achieve a rational allocation of limited water resources, and formulation of an appropriate irrigation system, this research studied the change characteristics of stem water content (StWC) in plant and its response to environmental factors. In this study, the StWC and environmental factors of Lagerstroemia indica in Beijing were continuously observed by a BD-IV plant stem water content sensor and a forest microclimate monitoring station from 2017 to 2018. The variation of StWC and its correlation with environmental factors were analyzed. The results showed that the StWC of Lagerstroemia indica varies regularly day and night during the growth cycle. Meanwhile, the rising time, valley time, and falling time of StWC were various at the different growth stages of Lagerstroemia indica. The results of correlation analysis between StWC and environmental factors indicated that the StWC of Lagerstroemia indica was positively correlated with air relative humidity, while it was negatively correlated with total radiation and air temperature. The multiple regression equation of StWC and environmental factors of Lagerstroemia indica was StWC=11.789−1.402Rn−0.931T−1.132Ws+0.933RH−3.368ST+2.168SMC, and the coefficient of determination of the equation was of 0.87. Furthermore, the results illustrated that the irrigation should pay attention to supplementing irrigation in time during the peak growing season of fruit.

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“…The BD-IV plant stem water content sensor (School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, China) was implemented to measure the StWC of Lagerstroemia indica samples. The BD-IV, based on SWR, consisted of a MHz sinusoidal oscillator, a coaxial transmission line, a high frequency detector circuit, and a pair of parallel stainless steel metallic electrodes [2,22]. The electrodes were designed to wrap around stems like an upper and a lower strap-ring (Fig 1).…”

Section: Stem Water Content Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stem is one of the two main structural axes of vascular plants, which plays a variety of roles in plants, such as mechanical support of leaves, flowers and fruits, water transport between root and shoots in xylem and phloem, and water storage [1][2]. The variation of steam water content (StWC) is an important segment of water transport in soil-plant-atmosphere continuum, and also affects the transport of nutrients and the storage of carbohydrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation characteristics of stem water content in Lagerstroemia indica and its response to microenvironment

Liang

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2019

Preprint

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To achieve a rational allocation of limited water resources, and formulation of an appropriate irrigation system, this research studied the change characteristics of stem water content (StWC) in plant and its response to micro-environmental factors. In this study, the StWC and micro-environmental factors of Lagerstroemia indica in Beijing were continuously observed by BD-IV plant stem water content sensor and a forest microclimate monitoring station from 2017 to 2018. The variation of StWC and its correlation with environmental factors were analyzed. The results showed the StWC of Lagerstroemia indica varies regularly day and night during the growth cycle. Meanwhile, the rising time, valley time, and falling time of StWC were various at the different growth stages of Lagerstroemia indica. The results of correlation analysis between StWC and micro-environmental factors indicated that the StWC of Lagerstroemia indica was positively correlated with air relative humidity, while it was negatively correlated with total radiation and air temperature. The multiple regression equation of StWC and micro-environmental factors of Lagerstroemia indica was StWC = 11.789-1.402Rn-0.931T-1.132Ws+0.933RH-3.368ST+2.168SMC, and the coefficient of determination of the equation was of 0.87. Furthermore, the results illustrated that the irrigation should pay attention to supplementing irrigation in time during the peak growing season of fruit.

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A Novel Sensor for Noninvasive Detection of In Situ Stem Water Content Based on Standing Wave Ratio

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Stem Water Content for Crape Myrtle in Response to Drought, Cold, and Disease Stress

Stem Water Content for Crape Myrtle in Response to Drought, Cold, and Disease Stress

Variation Characteristics of Stem Water Content in Lagerstroemia indica and Its Response to Environmental Factors

Variation characteristics of stem water content in Lagerstroemia indica and its response to microenvironment

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