A novel tin-bismuth alloy electrode for anodic stripping voltammetric determination of zinc

Abstract

We report on a novel tin-bismuth alloy electrode (SnBiE) for the determination of trace concentrations of zinc ions by square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry without deoxygenation. The SnBiE has the advantages of easy fabrication and low cost, and does not require a pre-treatment (in terms of modification) prior to measurements. A study on the potential window of the electrode revealed a high hydrogen overvoltage though a limited anodic range due to the oxidation of tin. The effects of pH value, accumulation potential, and accumulation time were optimized with respect to the determination of trace zinc(II) at pH 5.0. The response of the SnBiE to zinc(II) ion is linear in the 0.5-25 μM concentration range. The detection limit is 50 nM (after 60 s of accumulation). The SnBiE was applied to the determination of zinc(II) in wines and honeys, and the results were consistent with those of AAS.

Rapid Determination of Uranium in Water Samples by Adsorptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry Using a Tin-Bismuth Alloy Electrode

“…However, for bismuth film electrode, the added Bi ions can easy hydrolyze and form insoluble compounds during preparation [33,34], which limits its practical applications. Taking into account both of the advantages and disadvantages of mercury and bismuth electrodes, a tin-bismuth alloy electrode (SnBiE) has been recommended as an alternative mercury electrode in our recent work [35,36]. This new Sn-Bi electrode based on the tinbismuth alloy are environmental friendly and convenient to be fabricated and utilized as well as high hydrogen overvoltage, which can extend the applications of electrochemical techniques to metal ions determination at sufficiently negative potentials.…”

A tin–bismuth alloy electrode for the cathodic stripping voltammetric determination of iron in coastal waters

“…Recently, the tin-bismuth alloy electrode (SnBiE) has been reported in our lab to have better electrochemical properties than BiFEs and has been successfully applied in Zn 2+ and Cd 2+ analysis. 34,35 In the present work, the Fe(III)/Fe(II)-PAN complex, in a slightly acidic supporting electrolyte of acetate, was studied using the home-made SnBiE as the working electrode and adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry. The experimental parameters, including the pH value and concentration of acetate buffer, the accumulation potential and time, and the concentrations of PAN, were investigated in detail.…”

Voltammetric Determination of Trace Zn(II) in Seawater on a Poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)/Wrinkled Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Modified Electrode

“…Comparatively, the benefits like reasonably low cost, short analysis time, non-requirement of prior separation, inherent miniaturization and portability, make stripping voltammetry a prominent method in the field of electrochemical analytical chemistry. 19 Conventionally, mercury electrodes have been employed for heavy-metal detection, as not only does it have a high hydrogen over-voltage, a high repeatability and an easily regenerated surface, but can also form diluted amalgams to prevent the formation of intermetallic compounds. 20,21 However, high toxicity and the risk of its contamination are detrimental to the use of mercury electrodes.…”

“…[23][24][25] However, bismuth itself, as a heavy-metal element, still has certain toxicity. 26 In recent times, some new modified electrodes were used to detect Zn(II), such as screen-printed carbon electrode modified with bismuth and gold nanoparticles, 27 tin-bismuth alloy, 19 and indium-bismuth nanofilm. 28 But none of them left out bismuth.…”