A persistently high body mass index increases the risk of atopic asthma at school age

Loid, Petra; Goksör, Emma; Alm, Bernt; Pettersson, Robert; Möllborg, Per; Erdes, Laslo; Åberg, Nils; Wennergren, Göran

doi:10.1111/apa.13015

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Rapid weight gain in the first 2 years of life, for example, is associated with an increased risk of wheezing or asthma later in childhood [ 73 , 77 , 78 , 79 ]. Cohort [ 80 , 81 , 82 ] and case-control studies [ 83 , 84 ] confirm the cross-sectional studies [ 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 ] that observed a relationship between overweight/obesity and the occurrence of wheezing or asthma in children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

S3 Guideline Allergy Prevention

Kopp¹,

Muche-Borowski²,

Abou-Dakn³

et al. 2022

ALS

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Background: The persistently high prevalence of allergic diseases in Western industrial nations and the limited possibilities of causal therapy make evidence-based recommendations for primary prevention necessary. Methods: The recommendations of the S3 guideline Allergy Prevention, published in its last version in 2014, were revised and consulted on the basis of a current systematic literature search. The evidence search was conducted for the period 06/2013 – 11/2020 in the electronic databases Cochrane and MEDLINE, as well as in the reference lists of current reviews and through references from experts. The literature found was screened in two filtering processes, first by title and abstract, and the remaining papers were screened in the full text for relevance. The studies included after this were sorted by level of evidence, and the study quality was indicated in terms of potential bias (low/high). The revised recommendations were formally agreed and consented upon with the participation of representatives of the relevant professional societies and (self-help) organizations (nominal group process). Of 5,681 hits, 286 studies were included and assessed. Results: Recommendations on maternal nutrition during pregnancy and breastfeeding as well as on infant nutrition in the first months of life again play an important role in the updated guideline: Many of the previous recommendations were confirmed by the current data. It was specified that breastfeeding should be exclusive for the first 4 – 6 months after birth, if possible, and that breastfeeding should continue with the introduction of complementary foods. A new recommendation is that supplementary feeding of cow’s milk-based formula should be avoided in the first days of life if the mother wishes to breastfeed. Furthermore, it was determined that the evidence for a clear recommendation for hydrolyzed infant formula in non-breastfed infants at risk is currently no longer sufficient. It is therefore currently recommended to check whether an infant formula with proven efficacy in allergy prevention studies is available until the introduction of complementary feeding. Finally, based on the EAACI guideline, recommendations were made for the prevention of chicken egg allergy by introducing and regularly giving thoroughly heated (e.g., baked or hard-boiled) but not “raw” chicken egg (also no scrambled egg) with the complementary food. The recommendation to introduce peanut in complementary feeding was formulated cautiously for the German-speaking countries: In families who usually consume peanut, the regular administration of peanut-containing foods in age-appropriate form (e.g., peanut butter) with the complementary diet can be considered for the primary prevention of peanut allergy in infants with atopic dermatitis (AD). Before introduction, a clinically relevant peanut allergy must be ruled out, especially in infants with moderate to severe AD. There is still insufficient evidence for an allergy-pre...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

S3 Guideline Allergy Prevention

Kopp¹,

Muche-Borowski²,

Abou-Dakn³

et al. 2022

ALS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…During data extraction, we assessed studies using the same cohort for duplication of analyses. The studies published by Goksor et al 22 and Loid et al 23 each reported AA outcomes at the same age in children of the Western Sweden cohort. Therefore we excluded the study by Goksor et al 22 from the narrative review and retained only the report from Loid et al, 23 which described allergic disease outcomes for a greater number of BW categories.…”

Section: Data Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between birth weight or fetal growth rate and postnatal allergy: A systematic review

Wooldridge

McMillan

Kaur

et al. 2019

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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14986 records iden fied in searches of electronic databases 1869 full-text ar cles assessed for eligibility 42 studies included in narra ve synthesis 30 studies included in metaanalyses: 4 food allergy 13 allergic rhini s 23 allergic derma s Fetal growth and allergic disease childhood food allergy 44% childhood allergic derma s 17% Unchanged allergic rhini s Per kg increase in birth weight corrected for gesta onal age Graphics: G Hawkins & KL Ga ord Background: Individual susceptibility to allergic diseases is developmentally programmed by early-life exposures. Evidence from preclinical studies suggests that intrauterine growth restriction is protective against later inflammatory responses to allergens. Objective: We sought to evaluate whether prenatal growth affects susceptibility to allergy in human subjects. Methods: We systematically searched for relevant studies in 11 databases, including Web of Science, ProQuest, EMBASE, and PubMed. We included only studies that corrected for gestational age or were restricted to full-term infants to separate effects of fetal growth from those of prematurity. Results: The 42 eligible studies included prospective and retrospective cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies. Only 2 studies reported allergic asthma. A birth weight increase of 1 kg was associated with a 44% greater risk of food allergy in children (odds ratio [OR], 1.44; 95% CI, 1.04-1.99; P 5 .001), a 17% greater risk of ever allergic dermatitis in children (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.04-1.32; P 5 .008), and a 34% greater risk of ever or current allergic dermatitis in infants up to 2 years of age (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.08-1.68; P 5 .009). Risks of allergic rhinitis were not associated with birth weight. Conclusions: The results of these meta-analyses suggest that intrauterine growth restriction protects against allergic diseases in human subjects consistent with preclinical evidence but that effects might differ between allergic diseases. The strongest evidence is available for infancy and early childhood, and additional studies in older children and adults are needed to determine whether the effects of prenatal growth on each allergic disease persist or differ between those with severe and mild phenotypes.

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“…Unfortunately, the major concern with children obesity is that 80% of obese children become obese adults ( Whitaker et al, 1997 ) and that overweight children and adolescents show an increased rate of mortality due to cardiovascular and digestive diseases in adulthood ( Mossberg, 1989 ). Additionally, obese children are at increased risk to be diagnosed asthma at school age ( Loid et al, 2015 ), they are more likely to have extremity fractures, to die of traumatic injuries than nonobese children ( Kim et al, 2016 ) and to have a lower cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in childhood ( Tuan et al, 2018 ) and more than 10 years later ( Pahkala et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Obesity, Physical Activity, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness Levels in Children and Adolescents in Bosnia and Herzegovina: An Analysis of Gender Differences

Pojskić

Eslami

2018

Front. Physiol.

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This study aimed to examine: (i) the level of physical activity (PA), obesity indices and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) among boys and girls in primary school, and (ii) to determine the association of obesity indices and PA with CRF for the total number of participants, and then separately for boys and girls. 753 sixth to ninth grade girls and boys aged 10–14 years took part in this cross-sectional study. The PA was assessed by the “Physical Activity Questionnaire – Children” and CRF was assessed by the Maximal multistage a 20 m shuttle run test. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences (WC), and waist to height ratio (WHtR) were considered as obesity indices. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to explore correlates of CRF. The results obtained showed the prevalence of general overweight and obesity was 25.5% in our sample which was lower than that in the regional estimate (e.g., ∼28%) for Eastern Europe. Among all participants, CRF was associated with male sex, older age, a lower WC percentile, higher WHtR, and higher level of PA. The model accounted for 24% of the variance. CRF was associated with older age and higher level of PA among girls and boys. Lower WC percentile was a significant determinant of CRF among boys. In conclusion, general overweight/obesity was not independently associated with CRF. Those with better CRF were more likely to be male and older, had a higher level of PA and lower central adiposity. These findings emphasize the importance of supporting school age children to take a part in programmed physical activity regardless of their body composition.

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A persistently high body mass index increases the risk of atopic asthma at school age

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

S3 Guideline Allergy Prevention

S3 Guideline Allergy Prevention

Relationship between birth weight or fetal growth rate and postnatal allergy: A systematic review

Relationship Between Obesity, Physical Activity, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness Levels in Children and Adolescents in Bosnia and Herzegovina: An Analysis of Gender Differences

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