A perspective on low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells

Gao, Zhan; Mogni, L.; Miller, Erin A.; Railsback, Justin G.; Barnett, Scott A.

doi:10.1039/c5ee03858h

Cited by 799 publications

(488 citation statements)

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“…As the cathode reaction only take place at the three-phase boundary (TPB) sites where LSM-YSZ-gas phase meeting together, the microstructure design is an important process to increase the TPB sites from larger active sites and better connectivity for optimizing the cathode electrochemical reaction. [13][14][15] Many efforts have been made to optimize the microstructure of the cathode in order to gain an satisfied polarization resistance by changing various mixed ion/electron conductors, [16][17] production methods (infiltration, impregnation), [18][19][20] preparation conditions (temperature, time , etc), 21 and material morphology (particle size and shape).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn-cob like nanofibres as cathode catalysts for an effective microstructure design in solid oxide fuel cells

et al. 2017

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn-cob like nanofibres as cathode catalysts for an effective microstructure design in solid oxide fuel cells

et al. 2017

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“…For the case of thin film La 0.6 Sr 0.4 CoO 3-δ (LSC), performance degradation was observed upon coating Co 3 O 4 by atomic layer deposition (ALD). 32,33 We believe that these controversies arise 4 NPs have a high intrinsic ORR activity, but this activity is subject to fast coarsening at elevated temperatures.…”

Section: R P Vs Sr/co Ratio In Sc-infiltrated Gdc (Sc-gdc) Cathodes-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6] It has been reported that the lattice parameters of these structures can be tuned to yield high mixed electronic/ionic conductivity and high concentration of oxygen vacancies on the surface, two of which are the important descriptors of high ORR activity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Toward Stabilizing Co₃O₄Nanoparticles as an Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst for Intermediate-Temperature SOFCs

Ren

Cheng

Gorte

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity of a series of composite cathodes consisting of a porous Gd 0.20 Ce 0.80 O 2-δ (GDC) scaffold infiltrated with Sr-, Co-, and Y-nitrate solutions has been systematically investigated in this study. The results show that such infiltrated cathodes if calcined at low temperatures such as 350 • C exhibit low polarization resistance (R P ) in the temperature range of 450-700 • C, even though XRD analysis reveals that the calcined product is virtually a mixture of Co 3 O 4 and SrCO 3 . A further study by design-of-experiment suggests that the true ORR-active species is Co 3 O 4 , whereas SrCO 3 serves as a sintering inhibitor to preserve the high surface area of Reduced-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (RT-SOFCs) have the potential to be a commercially viable product due to improved durability and reduced cost, thus attracting a long lasting interest in the SOFC community. In the pursuit of RT-SOFCs, enhancing the kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is leading the development. There are two general approaches currently being practiced to achieve the enhanced ORR activity: 1) searching for new materials with a high intrinsic activity; 2) optimizing microstructure with maximal reactive sites.2,3 For the first approach, the research has been mostly focused on oxides with perovskite, double perovskite and RuddlesdenPopper intergrowth structures. [4][5][6] It has been reported that the lattice parameters of these structures can be tuned to yield high mixed electronic/ionic conductivity and high concentration of oxygen vacancies on the surface, two of which are the important descriptors of high ORR activity.7-9 For the second approach, nanoparticles (NPs) of an active material are introduced into a pre-existing microstructure (either a cathode or electrolyte porous scaffold) as a means of maximizing ORR-active reaction sites. The method of incorporation is solution infiltration/impregnation, 10-12 which has the advantage of allowing creation of NPs at much lower temperatures than scaffold sintering temperature, thus preserving nanostructures desirable for fast ORR.However, most of ORR-active materials found so far are complex oxides, the formation of which generally requires higher temperatures. For example, infiltrated Sr-and Co-doped LaFeO 3 (LSCF) NPs need ∼800• C to form the perovskite structure. 13,14 Under such a circumstance, the preferred nanostructures may be sintered into microstructures, resulting in a loss of the ORR-activity. Nevertheless, there are ample examples in the literature that show significant performance enhancement by high-temperature calcined NPs even though the original NPs have been coarsened to some degree. 11,12 On the other hand, low-temperature calcined NPs have also been shown with high performance even though the desirable phase is not formed at the first place. For example, researchers from Riso recently observed a very low R p for infiltrated La 0.6 Sr 0.4 CoO 3-δ NPs calcined at 350• C, 15,16 where perovskite phase cannot be formed. U...

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“…1 However, lowering the temperature slows the kinetics of the thermally activated mechanisms that dominate most SOFC processes. Thus, there is a substantial ongoing research effort to identify new materials, especially cathode materials, that can maintain device performance, at intermediate temperature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, there is a substantial ongoing research effort to identify new materials, especially cathode materials, that can maintain device performance, at intermediate temperature. 1 One of the most time-consuming steps in identifying new materials is the characterization of their oxygen transport kinetic properties, and associated sample preparation. For electronically-conducting electrodes, the three phase boundary (TPB) linear-specific resistance is usually measured.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hemispherical Electrolyte Probe for Screening of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathode Materials

Duffy¹,

Barnett

Mason

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A hemispherical electrolyte probe (HEP) technique has been adapted and introduced as a method to rapidly characterize potential cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells. The technique was used to measure the linear-specific triple phase boundary (TPB) resistance of electronic conductors La 0.8 Sr 0.2 MnO 3 (LSM) and (La 0.87 Ca 0.13 ) 0.95 MnO 3 (LCM), along with the area-specific surface resistance of mixed ionic/electronic conductors (MIECs) Sr 0.5 Sm 0.5 CoO 3−δ (SSC), and La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Fe 0.8 Co 0.2 O 3−δ (LSFC). These parameters are measures of the catalytic performance of the cathode materials, independent of the electrode geometry. HEP-measured linear-specific TPB resistance and surface resistance values are consistently lower by a factor of ∼3 compared with literature values for these materials, while activation energies are in fair agreement with the literature values. The technique could be useful for comparative rapid screening of candidate cathode materials. Alternatively, good estimates of linear-specific TPB resistance or area-specific surface resistance values can be obtained using a HEP probe that has been calibrated with a known standard.

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A perspective on low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells

Abstract: This article provides a perspective review of low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells research and development.

Cited by 799 publications

References 498 publications

Corn-cob like nanofibres as cathode catalysts for an effective microstructure design in solid oxide fuel cells

Corn-cob like nanofibres as cathode catalysts for an effective microstructure design in solid oxide fuel cells

Toward Stabilizing Co₃O₄Nanoparticles as an Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst for Intermediate-Temperature SOFCs

A Hemispherical Electrolyte Probe for Screening of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathode Materials

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A perspective on low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells

Abstract: This article provides a perspective review of low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells research and development.

Cited by 799 publications

References 498 publications

Corn-cob like nanofibres as cathode catalysts for an effective microstructure design in solid oxide fuel cells

Corn-cob like nanofibres as cathode catalysts for an effective microstructure design in solid oxide fuel cells

Toward Stabilizing Co3O4Nanoparticles as an Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst for Intermediate-Temperature SOFCs

A Hemispherical Electrolyte Probe for Screening of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathode Materials

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Toward Stabilizing Co₃O₄Nanoparticles as an Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst for Intermediate-Temperature SOFCs