A phosphorus–carbon framework over activated carbon supported palladium nanoparticles for the chemoselective hydrogenation of para-chloronitrobenzene

Abstract

A novel Pd–P–C framework structure was fabricated. Pd with electron-rich properties exhibits superior selectivity up to 99.9% for the hydrogenation of p-CNB to p-CAN.

Surface‐Group‐Oriented, Condensation Cyclization‐Driven, Nitrogen‐Doping Strategy for the Preparation of a Nitrogen‐Species‐Tunable, Carbon‐Material‐Supported Pd Catalyst

“…It is worth nothing that the BE positively shifts to 285.41 eV and 285.46 eV in Pd/NC (25 %)‐600 and Pd/NC (25 %)‐800 (Figure c and 6d), whereas negatively shifts to 285.25 eV and 285.13 eV in Pd/NC (25 %) and Pd/NC(H 2 O 2 ) (Figure b and 6e). For the former, similar findings were reported by Yu, Pašti and our previous work, in which heteroatoms may lead to a net positive charge on the carbon atoms adjacent to the heteroatoms due to spinning density and/or atomic charge density redistribution in neighboring carbon atoms. For the latter, the negative shifts may be attributed to the electron donating capability of the different N species adjacent to C atoms.…”

“…On the other hand, the BE of N1s in C−N bond shows no obvious shift as a result of the direct transformation of nitrogen species adjacent to Pd particles into quaternary N species (N + ). This oxidation reduction reaction between metal ions and surface groups on the carbon materials appears to be obvious on Pd/NC(25 %)‐800 in particular . On the contrary, in the case of Pd/NC(25 %) and Pd/NC(H 2 O 2 ), the negative shift of C1s in C−N bond should originate from the electron donating capability of the N species (Figure b and 6e), especially the N PR , which can be observed with higher proportion on these two samples (Table S3 and Figure f).…”

“…This oxidation reduction reaction between metal ions and surface groups on the carbon materials appears to be obvious on Pd/NC(25 %)-800 in particular. [36] On the contrary, in the case of Pd/NC(25 %) and Pd/NC(H 2 O 2 ), the negative shift of C1s in CÀ N bond should originate from the electron donating capability of the N species (Figure 6b and 6e), especially the N PR , which can be observed with higher proportion on these two samples (Table S3 and Figure 6f). But these N PR may not be sufficient to reduce Pd 2 + into Pd 0 , just result in electron transfer from N to neighboring atoms.…”

Palladium nanoparticle‐decorated magnetic pomegranate peel‐derived porous carbon nanocomposite as an excellent catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura and Sonogashira cross‐coupling reactions

“…The Fe 3 O 4 @PC 900 and Pd/Fe 3 O 4 @PC 900 nanocomposites showed six diffraction peaks located at 30.09°, 35.59°, 43.35°, 53.61°, 57.23° and 62.88° that could be assigned to diffraction of the Fe 3 O 4 crystal with inverse spinel structure from (2 2 0), (3 1 1), (4 0 0), (4 2 2), (5 1 1) and (4 4 0). After the immobilization of Pd nanoparticles, a diffraction peak at 2 θ = 39.95° appeared and can be assigned to the (1 1 1) planes of Pd …”

Moderate Activity from Trace Palladium Alloyed with Copper for the Chemoselective Hydrogenation of –CN and –NO2 with HCOOH

“…But in this regard, the presence of competing reactions let this method in a fix because some sensitive functional groups are easily destroyed in reaction conditions and hence has attracted considerable attention from researchers . In 2017, Li's group reported the electron transfer from C atoms to P atoms in the Pd‐P−C framework structure is responsible for the superior selectivity of parachloroaniline for the hydrogenation of parachloronitrobenzene . During 2017–2018, Dong's group realized chemoselective hydrogenation of halogenated nitrobenzenes using γ‐Fe 2 O 3 / mesoporous carbon and porous organic polymer encapsulated ultrafine and highly dispersed platinum nanoparticles as catalyst respectively .…”