A potential role of alkaloid extracts from Salsola species (Chenopodiaceae) in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Abstract

From the aerial parts of Salsola oppositofolia, S. soda and S. tragus an alkaloid extract was obtained and tested to evaluate antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activities. The in vitro study of the antioxidant activity by the DPPH method revealed a significant activity of Salsola alkaloid extracts with IC 50 values ranging from 16.30 mg/mL for S. oppositifolia to 26.17 mg/mL for S. tragus. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities were evaluated. S. tragus alkaloid extract exerted the highest inhibitory activity against AChE (IC 50 of 30.2 mg/mL) and BChE (IC 50 of 26.5 mg/mL). Interestingly, S. soda and S. oppositifolia exhibited a selective inhibitory activity against BChE with IC 50 values of 34.3 mg/mL and 32.7 mg/mL, respectively. Tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids were identified and quantified by GC/MS analysis.

The marine halophytes Carpobrotus edulis L. and Arthrocnemum macrostachyum L. are potential sources of nutritionally important PUFAs and metabolites with antioxidant, metal chelating and anticholinesterase inhibitory activities

“…Qualitative analysis of Arthrocnemum macrostachyum revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, fl avonoids and tannins (Table 1). Alkaloids have been previously identifi ed in some species of the family Chenopodiaceae, such as Salsola oppositofolia , Salsola soda and Salsola tragus (Tundis et al 2009 ).…”

Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Pinus species essential oils and their constituents

“…Due to their small molecular size and lipophilicity, volatile constituents of essential oils are likely to readily cross the blood-brain barrier 24 . As a part of our efforts to find new anti-cholinesterase active compounds [18][19][20]25 , in this study we aimed to evaluate the AChE and BChE inhibitory activity of essential oils from three Pinus species, i.e. Pinus nigra subsp.…”

In vitro Biological Activity of Salvia leriifolia Benth Essential Oil Relevant to the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease

“…Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH assay 5) . Acetylcholinesterase-and butyrylcholinesterase-inhibiting activities were measured by slightly modifying the spectrophotometric method developed by Ellman et al 5) .…”

“…Acetylcholinesterase-and butyrylcholinesterase-inhibiting activities were measured by slightly modifying the spectrophotometric method developed by Ellman et al 5) . The presence of nitrite, a stable oxidized product of NO, was determined in cell culture media by Griess reagent as previously described.…”