A preliminary investigation of daily variability of stuttering in adults

Constantino, Christopher; Leslie, Paula; Quesal, Robert W.; Yaruss, J. Scott

doi:10.1016/j.jcomdis.2016.02.001

Cited by 98 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The theme of change over time encompassed many aspects of physical tension during stuttering. This is in accordance with the literature showing that the frequency and degree of stuttering vary from situation to situation and from day to day [1, 6, 36]. Overall, the consistency of the themes discussed by participants who stutter suggests that the experience of physical tension is common with people who stutter, even if observers cannot perceive all aspects of it.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Speaker and Observer Perceptions of Physical Tension during Stuttering

Tichenor

Leslie

Shaiman

et al. 2017

Folia Phoniatr Logop

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Purpose: Speech-language pathologists routinely assess physical tension during evaluation of those who stutter. If speakers experience tension that is not visible to clinicians, then judgments of severity may be inaccurate. This study addressed this potential discrepancy by comparing judgments of tension by people who stutter and expert clinicians to determine if clinicians could accurately identify the speakers’ experience of physical tension. Method: Ten adults who stutter were audio-video recorded in two speaking samples. Two board-certified specialists in fluency evaluated the samples using the Stuttering Severity Instrument-4 and a checklist adapted for this study. Speakers rated their tension using the same forms, and then discussed their experiences in a qualitative interview so that themes related to physical tension could be identified. Results: The degree of tension reported by speakers was higher than that observed by specialists. Tension in parts of the body that were less visible to the observer (chest, abdomen, throat) was reported more by speakers than by specialists. The thematic analysis revealed that speakers’ experience of tension changes over time and that these changes may be related to speakers’ acceptance of stuttering. Conclusion: The lack of agreement between speaker and specialist perceptions of tension suggests that using self-reports is a necessary component for supporting the accurate diagnosis of tension in stuttering.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Speaker and Observer Perceptions of Physical Tension during Stuttering

Tichenor

Leslie

Shaiman

et al. 2017

Folia Phoniatr Logop

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, there is a notable distinction between levels of functioning in autistic people and stutterers: severity of stuttering is not static. Not only is stuttering highly variable, 73 but stuttering is responsive to therapy across the lifespan. 74,75 It does not make sense to label someone a low-or highfunctioning stutterer due to stuttering's dynamic nature.…”

Section: Criticismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Can Stutterers Learn from the Neurodiversity Movement?

Constantino

2018

Semin Speech Lang

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Neurodiversity is both an empowerment movement and a way of thinking about disability. Rather than focusing on pathology and impairment, neurodiversity emphasizes natural variation and the unique skills, experiences, and traits of neurodivergent individuals. People who stutter are beginning to work with and derive value from these concepts. In this article, we look at the history of neurodiversity and its key ideas. We discuss the conventional view of disability, the medical model, which situates disability within the individual as pathology. We also take up social and relation models of disability, which situate disability in social oppression or mismatches between individuals and their environment. Neurodiversity has not been without controversy. We look at some of the disagreements surrounding issues of intervention and cure. The ideas of neurodiversity are applied to stuttering, and a case example illustrating therapy using these ideas is given. We conclude that therapy should focus on subject's well-being and not normalization of superficial behaviors.

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“…In a scenario where the assessment is primarily focused on the specific behaviors that are perceivable to the speech-language pathologist (SLP), there is potential of not accurately identifying the true impact of the disorder. One reason for this is due to the day-to-day and situation-to-situation variability of observable behaviors of stuttering [13]. An assessment approach emphasizing the overt manifestation of the disorder may also predispose an evaluator to overlook other behaviors; namely, those that are not readily observable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Issues in Assessment of Children Who Stutter: A Survey of Speech-Language Pathologists in the State of North Carolina

Briley¹

2018

Clin Arch Commun Disord

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To survey school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in the state of North Carolina (NC) to examine management practices primarily related to their work with children who stutter (CWS) and to identify factors that influence their assessment approaches. Methods: Data were obtained from a statewide survey of school-based SLPs in NC. SLPs responded to questions pertaining to their experience, confidence, and approaches to management of CWS. The data analysis approach for this project was primarily descriptive, while Chi-square tests of independence were used for comparing categorical variables. Results: Four hundred forty-four SLPs, with an average of 16.1 years of experience, participated in the project. Fifty-seven percent of the sample reported being extremely confident in the screening process for CWS, 47% were extremely confident in evaluating CWS, but only 14% were extremely confident in treating CWS. The Stuttering Severity Instrument (SSI) is the most commonly utilized tool for evaluations. Seventy-nine percent of the respondents evaluate for the presence of covert behaviors, and 81% of the sample requires the presence of overt stuttering behaviors in order to recommend treatment for stuttering. Conclusions: Data from this survey revealed that many SLPs in this sample lack, to some degree, confidence in managing CWS, which has direct clinical implications. These results suggest a need to understand the reasons behind this lack of confidence and a need to continue working towards a more comprehensive understanding of the disorder in its entirety. Doing so will ultimately contribute to enhanced management practices and improved outcomes in CWS.

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A preliminary investigation of daily variability of stuttering in adults

Cited by 98 publications

References 52 publications

Speaker and Observer Perceptions of Physical Tension during Stuttering

Speaker and Observer Perceptions of Physical Tension during Stuttering

What Can Stutterers Learn from the Neurodiversity Movement?

Issues in Assessment of Children Who Stutter: A Survey of Speech-Language Pathologists in the State of North Carolina

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