A preliminary study on the thermal degradation behavior and flame retardancy of high impact polystyrene/magnesium hydroxide/microencapsulated red phosphorus composite with a gradient structure

Liu, Jichun; Yu, Zhuoli; Shi, Yaozhen; Chang, Haibo; Zhang, Yanbin; Luo, Jun; Lu, Chunmei

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.03.034

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The results are shown in Figure 9 and Table 3. Total heat release (THR) and heat release rate (HRR) are two parameters that can be used to evaluate the heat release process during combustion [35]. As shown in Figure 9c and Figure 9a, the integration of NH2-MIL-101(Al) and IL@NH2-MIL-101(Al) in the EP matrix is able to reduce the values of THR and HRR.…”

Section: Flame Retardant Performance Of Ep Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Phosphorus-Nitrogen-Containing Ionic Liquid Modified Metal-Organic Framework as an Effective Flame Retardant for Epoxy Resin

Huang

Guo

et al. 2020

Polymers

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great potential in flame retardant applications; however, strategies for fully exploiting the advantages of MOFs in order to further enhance the flame retardant performance are still in high demand. Herein, a novel MOF composite was designed through the generated cooperative role of MOF (NH2-MIL-101(Al)) and a phosphorus-nitrogen-containing ionic liquid ([DPP-NC3bim][PMO]). The ionic liquid (IL) was composed of imidazole cation modified with diphenylphosphinic group (DPP) and phosphomolybdic acid (PMoA) anions, which can trap the degrading polymer radicals and reduce the smoke emission. The MOF acts as a porous host and can avoid the agglomeration of ionic liquid. Meanwhile, the -NH2 groups of NH2-MIL-101(Al) can increase the compatibility with epoxy resin (EP). The framework is expected to act as an efficient insulating barrier to suppress the flame spread. It was demonstrated that the MOF composite (IL@NH2-MIL-101(Al)) is able to effectively improve the fire safety of EP at low additions (3 wt. %). The LOI value of EP/IL@NH2-MIL-101(Al) increased to 29.8%. The cone calorimeter results showed a decreased heat release rate (51.2%), smoke production rate (37.8%), and CO release rate (44.8%) of EP/IL@NH2-MIL-101(Al) with respect to those of neat EP. This strategy can be extended to design other advanced materials for flame retardant.

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Section: Flame Retardant Performance Of Ep Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Phosphorus-Nitrogen-Containing Ionic Liquid Modified Metal-Organic Framework as an Effective Flame Retardant for Epoxy Resin

Huang

Guo

et al. 2020

Polymers

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“…The reported halogen-free flame retardants for HIPS in literature include metal hydroxide, RP, EG, and the combination of different flame retardants. [17][18][19][20][21] In our previous investigation, 22 it has been shown that EG has some flame-retarding effect and good smoke-suppressing effect on HIPS by itself but its flame-retardant efficiency is rather low and up to 50-wt% EG is required to achieve V-0 rating in the…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Structure and thermal property of intumescent char produced by flame‐retardant high‐impact polystyrene/expandable graphite/microencapsulated red phosphorus composite

Liu

Chang

et al. 2019

Fire and Materials

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Summary This paper is aimed to illustrate the structure and thermal property of intumescent char produced by flame‐retardant polymers containing expandable graphite (EG). For this purpose, high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) flame retarded by EG individually or in combination with microencapsulated red phosphorus (MRP) was prepared. The results indicate that the intumescent char from HIPS/EG/MRP composite, which contains a small amount of phosphorus element and more oxygen element, is much more compact and continuous than that from HIPS/EG composite with identical loading of flame retardant due to binding effect of phosphoric acid and its derivatives. The intumescent char produced by HIPS/EG/MRP composite exhibits much enhanced thermal and thermo‐oxidative stability as well as thermal‐insulating effect, which can withstand destruction of heat and oxygen effectively and thus provide a good fire‐proof barrier. The temperature beneath this intumescent char is decreased significantly in case of action by flame. By comparison, the porous and loose intumescent char generated by HIPS/EG composite has poor thermo‐oxidative endurance, and most of it can be consumed in air at high temperature without effective protection for the polymer. This has resulted in remarkable increase in flame retardancy of the HIPS/EG/MRP composite.

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“…In the past two decades, much work has been carried out on the study of halogen‐free flame‐retardant (HFFR) HIPS . In these studies, some cheap and cost‐effective flame retardants, such as magnesium hydroxide (MH), aluminum trihydrate (ATH), expandable graphite (EG), and microencapsulated red phosphorus (MRP) were combined in a proper manner to endow HIPS with good flame retardancy and the flame retardant mechanism was also investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formation of amorphous inorganic magnesium phosphates can act as an additional physical barrier to enhance flame retardancy of the composite material. Our group has also conducted some work on HFFR HIPS . It is found that the HIPS/MH/MRP composite with inhomogeneous (gradient or alternating) dispersion of flame retardant exhibits better thermo‐oxidative stability, flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and decreased toxic gas release in comparison with its homogeneous counterpart [3, 4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of carbon black on the thermal degradation and flammability properties of flame‐retarded high impact polystyrene/magnesium hydroxide/microencapsulated red phosphorus composite

et al. 2016

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Nanosized carbon black (CB) was introduced to flameretarded high impact polystyrene/magnesium hydroxide/microencapsulated red phosphorus (HIPS/MH/ MRP) composite by melt compounding. The effect of CB on the thermal degradation and flammability properties of the HIPS/MH/MRP composite was investigated by thermal analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 vertical burning test, cone calorimeter test (CCT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is shown that the introduction of CB increases both the thermal and thermo-oxidative stability of the HIPS/MH/ MRP composite. CB is very effective to hinder dripping of the HIPS/MH/MRP composite. The addition of just 0.7 wt% CB can increase the UL-94 rating of this composite from V-1 to V-0. CB almost has no influence on LOI and peak heat release rate of the composite in CCT, but the composite becomes more difficult to ignite after addition of CB. The HIPS/MH/MRP composite with CB tends to crack upon thermal degradation and burning. On the whole, the introduction of CB is conducive to the improvement of thermal and thermo-oxidative stability as well as flame retardancy of the HIPS/MH/MRP composite. Such improvement originates from crosslinking of polymer macroradicals on the surface of CB particles. The result of this work provides a practicable method to further enhance the thermal and fireproof properties of flame-retardant HIPS. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:770-782, 2018.

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A preliminary study on the thermal degradation behavior and flame retardancy of high impact polystyrene/magnesium hydroxide/microencapsulated red phosphorus composite with a gradient structure

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Novel Phosphorus-Nitrogen-Containing Ionic Liquid Modified Metal-Organic Framework as an Effective Flame Retardant for Epoxy Resin

Novel Phosphorus-Nitrogen-Containing Ionic Liquid Modified Metal-Organic Framework as an Effective Flame Retardant for Epoxy Resin

Structure and thermal property of intumescent char produced by flame‐retardant high‐impact polystyrene/expandable graphite/microencapsulated red phosphorus composite

Effect of carbon black on the thermal degradation and flammability properties of flame‐retarded high impact polystyrene/magnesium hydroxide/microencapsulated red phosphorus composite

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