A primer on dichotic listening as a paradigm for the assessment of hemispheric asymmetry

Westerhausen, René

doi:10.1080/1357650x.2019.1598426

Cited by 51 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 141 publications

(257 reference statements)

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“…However, many different versions of dichotic-listening paradigms have been suggested [12,18] and the test-retest reliability of most dichotic paradigms-even of those used for diagnostic purposes-are far from optimal [19,20]. This shortcoming severely threatens the inferences that can be made using dichotic-listening measures, as the reliability of a test also sets the upper limit of its validity [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An optimal paradigm to assess this underlying perceptual, "built-in" laterality, consequently needs to assure both an unbiased initial stimulus representation and a cognitively unaltered response selection during second stage processing [27]. Based on recent literature review [18], we here aim to create and evaluate such an optimal paradigm by following the eight design features listed in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An optimal dichotic-listening paradigm for the assessment of hemispheric dominance for speech processing

Westerhausen

Samuelsen

2020

PLoS ONE

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Dichotic-listening paradigms are widely accepted as non-invasive tests of hemispheric dominance for language processing and represent a standard diagnostic tool for the assessment of developmental auditory and language disorders. Despite its popularity in research and clinical settings, dichotic paradigms show comparatively low reliability, significantly threatening the validity of conclusions drawn from the results. Thus, the aim of the present work was to design and evaluate a novel, highly reliable dichotic-listening paradigm for the assessment of hemispheric differences. Based on an extensive literature review, the paradigm was optimized to account for the main experimental variables which are known to systematically bias task performance or affect random error variance. The main design principle was to minimize the relevance of higher cognitive functions on task performance in order to obtain stimulus-driven laterality estimates. To this end, the key design features of the paradigm were the use of stop-consonant vowel (CV) syllables as stimulus material, a single stimulus pair per trial presentation mode, and a free recall (single) response instruction. Evaluating a verbal and manual response-format version of the paradigm in a sample of N = 50 healthy participants, we yielded test-retest intra-class correlations of r ICC = .91 and .93 for the two response format versions. These excellent reliability estimates suggest that the optimal paradigm may offer an effective and efficient alternative to currently used paradigms both in research and diagnostic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimal dichotic-listening paradigm for the assessment of hemispheric dominance for speech processing

Westerhausen

Samuelsen

2020

PLoS ONE

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“…In the present case -inferring latent speech dominance from dichotic-listening laterality measures -the assumed distributions of laterality measures were characterised by comparatively large standard deviations, resulting in a substantial overlap of the distribution of left and non-left dominant individuals. This might well reflect true interindividual difference in the population, but substantial intra-individual difference in the repeated-measure examples suggest that at least some of the variance can be attributed to low reliability of the used dichotic-listening paradigm (for discussion see also Westerhausen (2019)). Thus, one way of further improving the classification certainly is to improve the available paradigms and obtain a better data basis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From observed laterality to latent hemispheric differences: revisiting the inference problem

Sørensen¹,

Westerhausen²

2020

Preprint

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Researchers interested in hemispheric dominance frequently aim to infer latent functional differences between the hemispheres from observed lateral behavioural or brain-activation differences. To be valid, these inferences may not only rely on the observed laterality measures but also need to account for the antecedent probabilities of the studied latent classes. This fact is frequently ignored in the literature, leading to misclassifications especially when considering low probability classes as, for example, ”atypical” right hemispheric language dominance. In the present paper, we revisit this inference problem (a) by outlining a general Bayesian framework for the inferential process and (b) by exemplarily applying this framework on the inference of hemispheric dominance for speech processing from dichotic-listening laterality scores. Utilising large-scale empirical data sets as well as simulation studies, we show that valid inferences also regarding low probable latent classes can be drawn applying the present framework, although within certain boundaries. We further illustrate that repeated laterality measures of the same person may be used to improve the classification outcome. The article additionally provides R package and Shiny app implementations of the suggested Bayesian framework, which allow to explore the boundaries of valid inference for the present and other examples.

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“…In a fMRI situation, this can be obtained by alternating task-presence and task-absence periods, using a traditional fMRI block-design 20 , with ON-and OFF-blocks representing, active versus passive processing periods, respectively. Such an approach was taken by Hugdahl et al 19 who used an auditory dichotic listening task [21][22][23] with ON-blocks with pseudo-random presentations of three different cognitive tasks involving perception, attention, and executive function that were interspersed in between OFF-blocks with no tasks present. The results showed statistically significant anti-correlations between the DMN and EMN, particularly in the inferior frontal and posterior cingulate cortex regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic switching between intrinsic and extrinsic mode networks as demands change from passive to active processing

Riemer

Gruener

Bereśniewicz

et al. 2020

Preprint

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We here report on the relationship between default and extrinsic mode networks across alternating brief periods of rest and active task processing. We used three different visual tasks: mental rotation, working memory and mental arithmetic in a classic fMRI ON-OFF block design where task (ON) blocks alternated with equal periods of rest (OFF) blocks. By analysing data in two ways, using an ON-OFF contrast, we showed the existence of a generalized task-positive network, labelled the extrinsic mode network (EMN) which was anti-correlated with the default mode network (DMN) as processing demands shifted from rest to active processing. We then identified two key regions of interest (ROIs) in the SMA and Precuneus/PCC regions as hubs for the extrinsic and intrinsic networks, and extracted the time-course from these ROIs. The results showed a close to perfect correlations for the SMA and Precuneus/PCC time-courses for ON-respective OFF-blocks. We suggest the existence of two large-scale networks, an extrinsic mode network and an intrinsic mode network, respectively, which are up-and down-regulated as environmental demands change from active to passive processing.

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A primer on dichotic listening as a paradigm for the assessment of hemispheric asymmetry

Cited by 51 publications

References 141 publications

An optimal dichotic-listening paradigm for the assessment of hemispheric dominance for speech processing

An optimal dichotic-listening paradigm for the assessment of hemispheric dominance for speech processing

From observed laterality to latent hemispheric differences: revisiting the inference problem

Dynamic switching between intrinsic and extrinsic mode networks as demands change from passive to active processing

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