A Privacy-Aware PUFs-Based Multiserver Authentication Protocol in Cloud-Edge IoT Systems Using Blockchain

Zhang, Yan; Li, Bing; Liu, Bo; Hu, Yuanyuan; Zheng, Haipeng

doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3068410

Cited by 50 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The use of bit-serial and digit-serial multipliers, used in [19,20], results in a decrease in hardware resources (area) with a decrease in performance of the architecture (compared with bitparallel modular multipliers). Therefore, there are numerous area-constrained applications such as internet of things [10], radio frequency identification [11,12], and teleoperated robotic systems [13], that require low-cost hardware architectures to perform PM operation in a reasonable time (latency). Subsequently, this work provides a PM architecture with the consideration of hardware resources.…”

Section: State-of-the-art Pm Architecturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The applications that require software implementations are (i) OpenSSL protocols [6], (ii) bitcoin digital signatures [7], (iii) image encryption/ decryption [8,9], and many others. Similarly, the applications that require hardware implementations of ECC are (i) internet of things [10], (ii) radio frequency identification [11,12], (iii) teleoperated robotic systems [13], (iv) network servers [14], and several others. The applications highlighted in [10][11][12][13] require low-cost (or area optimized) implementations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the applications that require hardware implementations of ECC are (i) internet of things [10], (ii) radio frequency identification [11,12], (iii) teleoperated robotic systems [13], (iv) network servers [14], and several others. The applications highlighted in [10][11][12][13] require low-cost (or area optimized) implementations. On the other hand, high-speed implementations are required for network related applications where multiple devices want to communicate using a cloud platform.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Low-Area Point Multiplication Architecture for Elliptic-Curve Cryptography

et al. 2021

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This paper presents a Point Multiplication (PM) architecture of Elliptic-Curve Cryptography (ECC) over GF(2163) with a focus on the optimization of hardware resources and latency at the same time. The hardware resources are reduced with the use of a bit-serial (traditional schoolbook) multiplication method. Similarly, the latency is optimized with the reduction in a critical path using pipeline registers. To cope with the pipelining, we propose to reschedule point addition and double instructions, required for the computation of a PM operation in ECC. Subsequently, the proposed architecture over GF(2163) is modeled in Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL) using Vivado Design Suite. To provide a fair performance evaluation, we synthesize our design on various FPGA (field-programmable gate array) devices. These FPGA devices are Virtex-4, Virtex-5, Virtex-6, Virtex-7, Spartan-7, Artix-7, and Kintex-7. The lowest area (433 FPGA slices) is achieved on Spartan-7. The highest speed is realized on Virtex-7, where our design achieves 391 MHz clock frequency and requires 416 μs for one PM computation (latency). For power, the lowest values are achieved on the Artix-7 (56 μW) and Kintex-7 (61 μW) devices. A ratio of throughput over area value of 4.89 is reached for Virtex-7. Our design outperforms most recent state-of-the-art solutions (in terms of area) with an overhead of latency.

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Section: State-of-the-art Pm Architecturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Low-Area Point Multiplication Architecture for Elliptic-Curve Cryptography

et al. 2021

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“…The security of IoT terminal hardware design should be considered adequately; otherwise, an attacker can obtain the key through a side channel attack or other technical means [3]. An embedded PUF can be used as the physical fingerprint for lightweight authentication, which can effectively improve the security of the device [4][5][6][7]. However, once the PUF response is leaked, it will lead to serious risk of security for the authentication system [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the carry propagation in the prime field needs more area than the polynomial addition in the binary field. Therefore, the binary field F 2 m is more suitable for hardware implementation [7]. For this reason, all the calculations in this paper are carried out on binary field F 2 m .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FPGA Implementation of High-Efficiency ECC Point Multiplication Circuit

Xihui

Zhang

et al. 2021

Electronics

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The authentication of Internet of Things (IoT) devices based on the Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) is widely adopted in the information security domain. However, the leakage of PUF responses in an authentication system reduces its privacy and security. To improve its security, we can utilize the Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) algorithm with different key lengths to encrypt the PUF response arbitrarily. Point multiplication is the most time-consuming operation in ECC because of its complex calculation process, which seriously affects the efficiency of the PUF response encryption. In order to solve this problem, a point multiplier based on binary field with reconfigurable key lengths of 233, 283, 409 and 571 is designed in this paper. In our method, by reusing the underlying computing units, the resources needed for point multiplication are effectively reduced. What it is more innovative is that double point multiplication operations with a key length of less than 283 bits can be performed simultaneously in the elaborate designed point multiplication circuit, which can effectively speed up the encryption process of ECC. The circuit is implemented on Xilinx Virtex-6 FPGA. The experiment results show the single point multiplication times of 233, 283, 409 and 571 key lengths are 19.33, 22.36, 41.36 and 56.5 μs, respectively, under the clock frequency of 135 MHz. In addition, it only needs 19.33 μs to perform two-point multiplication operations when the key length is 233 bits at the same time. When the key length is 283 bits, the point multiplication operation can be performed twice in 22.36 μs.

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Security in IoMT‐driven smart healthcare: A comprehensive review and open challenges

Garg

Wazid

Singh

et al. 2022

Security and Privacy

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The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is a kind of communication environment, which deals with communication that occurs through the Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled smart medical (healthcare) devices. The potential security threats of IoMT affect the confidentiality, integrity, authenticity and availability of its data and the associated resources. In this review article, we explain various architectures of IoMT communication along with their applications.We highlight the security requirements of IoMT communication environment along with some potential security attacks and threats of IoMT. Furthermore, the network model and adversary model of IoMT communication are provided. A taxonomy of security protocols of IoMT communication environment is additionally added, which contains various security protocols, such as key management, user/device authentication, access control and intrusion detection protocols. Moreover, we provide a detailed comprehensive comparative analysis of several security protocols with respect to various parameters, like computation cost, communication cost, security features and functionality features, accuracy and F1-score. Additionally, we also provide some future research directions.

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A Privacy-Aware PUFs-Based Multiserver Authentication Protocol in Cloud-Edge IoT Systems Using Blockchain

Cited by 50 publications

References 54 publications

A Novel Low-Area Point Multiplication Architecture for Elliptic-Curve Cryptography

A Novel Low-Area Point Multiplication Architecture for Elliptic-Curve Cryptography

FPGA Implementation of High-Efficiency ECC Point Multiplication Circuit

Security in IoMT‐driven smart healthcare: A comprehensive review and open challenges

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