A Rare Cause of Subgaleal Hematoma in Children: Hair Pulling

Er, Anıl; Çağlar, Aykut; Akgül, Fatma; Ulusoy, Emel; Karslı, Emre; Yılmaz, Durgül; Duman, Murat

doi:10.4274/cayd.54254

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Con relación a este punto, en tres de los cuatro casos se documentó antecedente de traumatismo trivial con más de 48 horas de anticipación, lo cual desestima su relación causal. Cabe resaltar que en estos casos algunos autores conjeturan que la causa directa podría ser un traumatismo menor inadvertido como peinar o halar el cabello, donde también se rompen vénulas (8)(9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…En los HSE el manejo siempre es conservador y se sabe que incluso cuando se trata de discrasias sanguíneas esta se reabsorberá por completo en unas semanas (1,13). Sólo se deberían intervenir si hay dolor severo, necrosis del colgajo, descompensación hemodinámica o signos de infección (6,8). Se ha descrito el uso de terapia endovascular para casos refractarios (20).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Hematoma subgaleal espontáneo en lactantes, una enfermedad subestimada, serie de casos

Amaya-Medina

Pineda-Parra

Mora-Bautista

2021

MedUNAB

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Introducción. Los hematomas subgaleales son patologías poco frecuentes que suelen originarse y resolverse espontáneamente. En neonatos se asocian con distocias y en lactantes o niños mayores con historial de traumatismo, incluso trivial, que puede pasar inadvertido. Hay un pequeño grupo donde no hay antecedente de trauma ni de otros factores como discrasias sanguíneas, se conforma principalmente por lactantes. El objetivo del presente artículo es mostrar una serie de casos de hematomas subgaleales espontáneos en lactantes, por su poca frecuencia, dificultad diagnóstica y diferencias de acuerdo con el tipo neonatal. Casos clínicos. Se presentan cuatro lactantes, entre 4 y 12 meses de edad, diagnosticados con hematomas subgaleales espontáneos (sin relación directa con traumatismo previo), de diferente severidad y atendidos en el servicio de urgencias. Se les realizó una evaluación diagnóstica dirigida a confirmar el hematoma y descartar trastornos de coagulación asociados. Todos los casos mostraron un curso clínico autolimitado sin complicaciones. Discusión. Los hematomas subgaleales espontáneos en lactantes suelen ser benignos, aunque es de vital importancia descartar discrasias sanguíneas. Dentro de éstas, los trastornos plaquetarios no suelen tenerse en cuenta y deben estudiarse. Su manejo es conservador y se reabsorberán solos en pocas semanas. Conclusiones. se debe establecer la causa de los hematomas subgaleales en niños pequeños y contemplar su posible aparición espontánea o por causa de discrasias sanguíneas.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Hematoma subgaleal espontáneo en lactantes, una enfermedad subestimada, serie de casos

Amaya-Medina

Pineda-Parra

Mora-Bautista

2021

MedUNAB

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“…[ 32 ] In total, 29 pediatric case reports of SGH were identified, comprising 32 pediatric patients in the literature, 20 of which were found to be associated with hair pulling, combing, or braiding. [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 11 , 16 , 20 , 27 , 31 , 39 ] We also identified several cases secondary to unknown causes or causes other than hair pulling or combing. [ 18 , 19 , 33 , 34 , 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subgaleal hematoma evacuation in a pediatric patient: A case report and review of the literature

Patchana

Ghanchi

Taka

et al. 2020

Surgical Neurology International

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Background: Subgaleal hematoma (SGH) is generally documented within the neonatal period and is rarely reported as a result of trauma or hair braiding in children. While rare, complications of SGH can result in ophthalmoplegia, proptosis, visual deficit, and corneal ulceration secondary to hematoma extension into the orbit. Although conservative treatment is preferential, expanding SGH should be aspirated to reduce complications associated with further expansion. Case Description: A 12-year-old African-American female with no recent history of trauma presented with a chief complaint of headache along with a 2-day history of enlarging 2–3 cm ballotable bilateral frontal mass. Hematological workup was negative. The patient’s family confirmed a long history of hair braiding. The patient was initially prescribed a period of observation but returned 1-week later with enlarging SGH, necessitating surgical aspiration. Conclusion: SGH is rare past the neonatal period, but can be found in pediatric and adolescent patients secondary to trauma or hair pulling. Standard workup includes evaluation of the patient’s hematological profile for bleeding or coagulation deficits, as well as evaluation for child abuse. Although most cases of SGH resolve spontaneously over the course of several weeks, close follow-up is recommended. The authors present a case of a 12-year-old female presenting with enlarging subgaleal hemorrhages who underwent surgical aspiration and drainage without recurrence. A literature review was also conducted with 32 pediatric cases identified, 20 of which were related to hair pulling, combing, or braiding. We review the clinical course, imaging characteristics, surgical management, as well as a review of the literature involving subgaleal hemorrhage in pediatric patients and hair pulling.

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“…Although mentions were made via editorial comments in the literature of older cases (one referred to as 'mush head'), the author of the first indexed case of SGH opined that subgaleal haematoma from a hair pull could be nothing other than abuse . However, the current literature on SGH includes six cases in which the hair was pulled by another child, five in which the hair was combed or pulled into a braid, and a case of a hair pull from a playground swing . These cases include a range of ethnic origins, including Caucasian, African American, Turkish and others.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That child presented with extensive haematoma with periorbital swelling anteriorly . With observation, resolution has been reported to take 2‐3 weeks . Of note, an early case involving prolonged resolution was noted to leave nodular scarring in the scalp …”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subgaleal haematoma due to hair pulling: Review of the literature

2019

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Subgaleal haematoma (SGH) is a collection of blood in the potential space covered by the galea aponeurotica from the orbital ridges anteriorly to the nuchal ridge of the neck posteriorly ( Figure 1). Subgaleal haematoma is most commonly found in the setting of birth trauma as well as in blunt head trauma, but has rarely been described as consequence of non-abusive pulling of the hair. We review the literature for all cases of SGH as a result of non-abusive hair straightening or pulling without evidence of coagulopathy. Our literature review describes the pattern of SGH as a result of hair pulling, and we discuss the potential complications of this entity. | LITER ATURE RE VIE WSubgaleal haematoma is most commonly found in the setting of birth trauma and can be fatal in neonates. 1 In older children, SGH Abstract Aim: To identify all cases of subgaleal haematoma (SGH) as a result of non-abusive hair straightening or pulling without evidence of blunt trauma or coagulopathy. Methods:We conducted a search in the English-language literature of all cases of SGH in children. We excluded those in neonates, those in which the child was abused by a caregiver, those in which blunt trauma was not excluded, and those in which a coagulopathy or other blood dyscrasia was found.Results: Sixteen cases were identified in children from a range of ages. Time to presentation ranged from several days to a week and a half. In most cases, management is conservative, though SGH can cause fever, symptomatic anaemia and can threaten vision. Conclusion:Subgaleal haematoma can occur in otherwise healthy children, can accumulate slowly and can result in sequelae. However, most cases of SGH are managed conservatively.

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A Rare Cause of Subgaleal Hematoma in Children: Hair Pulling

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Hematoma subgaleal espontáneo en lactantes, una enfermedad subestimada, serie de casos

Hematoma subgaleal espontáneo en lactantes, una enfermedad subestimada, serie de casos

Subgaleal hematoma evacuation in a pediatric patient: A case report and review of the literature

Subgaleal haematoma due to hair pulling: Review of the literature

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