A Real Time Ocean Forecast System for the North Atlantic Ocean

Mehra, Avichal; Rivin, Ilya

doi:10.3319/tao.2009.04.16.01(iwnop)

Cited by 67 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Sea surface salinities near the coast are model-derived based on the Atlantic operational Real Time Ocean Forecasting System (Atlantic RTOFS). The model is a basin-scale ocean forecast system using the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) (Mehra and Rivin, 2010). For consistency the SST is obtained from the same model, which shows excellent agreement with the optimally interpolated SST product (OISST) (http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sst/; Reynolds et al, 2007).…”

Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean acidification along the Gulf Coast and East Coast of the USA

Wanninkhof

Barbero

Byrne

et al. 2015

Continental Shelf Research

106

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a b s t r a c tAs part of an effort to monitor changes in inorganic carbon chemistry of the coastal ocean, near-synoptic cruises are being conducted in the Northern Gulf of Mexico and along the East Coast of the United States.Here we describe observations obtained on a cruise in the summer of 2012 and compare them with results from a cruise following a similar track in 2007. The focus is on describing spatial patterns of aragonite saturation state (Ω Ar ). This parameter is an indicator of ecosystem health, in particular for calcifying organisms. The results show large-scale regional trends from different source waters at the northeastern and southwestern edges of the domain, along with the modulating effects of remineralization/respiration and riverine inputs. The broader patterns and changes over five years along the coast can be well described by the impacts of large-scale circulation, notably changes in source water contributions. Changes in the well-buffered Loop Current and Gulf Stream with high Ω Ar impact the waters in the southern part of the study area. The less buffered southward coastal currents with low Ω Ar originating from the Labrador Sea and Gulf of St. Lawrence impact the Ω Ar patterns in the Northern regions. The expected 2% average decrease in Ω Ar in the surface mixed layer due to increasing atmospheric CO 2 levels over the 5-year period is largely overshadowed by local and regional variability from changes in hydrography and mixed layer dynamics.Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean acidification along the Gulf Coast and East Coast of the USA

Wanninkhof

Barbero

Byrne

et al. 2015

Continental Shelf Research

106

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“…This system is based on global HYCOM (HYbrid Coordinates Ocean Model) (Bleck 2002) developed by the US Navy and then implemented operationally at NCEP similar to RTOFS Atlantic (Mehra & Rivin 2010) at an eddy …”

Section: Environment Canada: Giops Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GODAE OceanView Class 4 forecast verification framework: global ocean inter-comparison

Ryan

Régnier

Divakaran

et al. 2015

Journal of Operational Oceanography

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As part of the work of the GODAE OceanView Inter-comparison and Validation Task Team (IV-TT), 6 global ocean forecasting systems spread across 5 operational oceanography forecast centres were inter-compared using a common set of observations as a proxy for the truth. The 'Class 4' in the title refers to a set of forecast verification metrics defined in the MERSEA-IP/GODAE internal metrics document (Hernandez 2007), the defining feature of which is that comparisons between forecasts and observations take place in observation space. This approach is seen as a departure from other diagnostic approaches such as analysing model trends or innovation statistics, and is commonly used in the atmospheric community. The physical parameters involved in the comparison are sea surface temperature (SST), sub-surface temperature, sub-surface salinity and sea level anomaly (SLA). SST was measured using in-situ observations obtained from USGODAE, sub-surface conditions were compared to Argo profiles, while sea level anomaly was measured by several satellite altimeters courtesy of AVISO. The 5 forecast centres involved in the project were Met Office, Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Mercator Océan, Environment Canada and NOAA/NWS/NCEP. Combining Met Office, Mercator Océan and Environment Canada forecasts into a mixed resolution multi-model ensemble produces estimates of the ocean state which have better accuracy and associativity properties for SST, SLA and temperature profiles than any individual ensemble component.

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“…As also shown by stable isotope studies (Lukeneder et al 2008;Price et al 2009, andWarnke et al 2010) on S. spirula shells, the life cycle takes place within a water depth range from 1000 m up to 200 m (Bruun 1955;Clarke 1970;Reid 2005;Haimovici et al 2007;Hoffmann and Warnke 2014). Reid (2005) and Warnke and Keupp (2005) concluded a distribution of S. spirula in subtropical and tropical oceanic waters where the water temperature is 10°C or warmer at a depth of 400 m (Lu 1998;Reid 2005), 800 m (Hoffmann and Warnke 2014) and 1000 m (Warnke and Keupp 2005; for oceanic temperatures see Mehra and Rivin 2010;GRTOFS 2015). Isotope data, and hence the resulting water temperatures for the corresponding areas during ontogeny, are almost identical for all analysed Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean specimens (Lukeneder et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

New size data on the enigmatic Spirula spirula (Decabrachia, suborder Spirulina), on a global geographic scale

Lukeneder

2015

Swiss J Palaeontol

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The ram's horn squid Spirula spirula is a unique deep-water marine organism whose life cycle remains enigmatic. Interpretations of its ecology and habitat preferences are currently based solely on dredging, on fishery data, stable isotope data and rare molecular genetic analyses of dead specimens. These methods form the basis to decipher phylogeographic questions of otherwise unobservable deepsea animals such as S. spirula. Here, new morphological data from internal shells (specimens n = 408, analysed n = 260) are presented from 12 different populations over huge distances, from the Atlantic, Indian and the Pacific Oceans. A monospecific status is assumed for Spirula, with its species S. spirula. The dataset shows a highly variable shell morphology including size distribution within distinct populations. Populations from the Indian Ocean are larger than those from the Atlantic and the Pacific. Specimens from the northern Indian Ocean (Maldives, Sri Lanka, Thailand) are larger than specimens from the eastern Indian Ocean (Mauritius, Tanzania) and the south-eastern Indian Ocean (western Australia). Specimens from the eastern Atlantic (Canary Islands) are smaller than those of the western Atlantic (Brazil, Tobago). The Canary Islands yielded by far the smallest specimens, while the largest specimen comes from Thailand. Specimens from the locality at eastern Australia (south-west Pacific) have an intermediate size range. Morphologic and geographic data suggest a geographically induced size differentiation within S. spirula. Preliminary findings on conchs mirror the known (from soft parts) existence of two sexual dimorphs in Spirula. The next step would be to collect more material from other localities. A more detailed morphometric approach based on specimens from which the sexes are known is required to enable a detection of the presence of sexual dimorphism by morphometric analyses on internal shells of Spirula.

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A Real Time Ocean Forecast System for the North Atlantic Ocean

Cited by 67 publications

References 36 publications

Ocean acidification along the Gulf Coast and East Coast of the USA

Ocean acidification along the Gulf Coast and East Coast of the USA

GODAE OceanView Class 4 forecast verification framework: global ocean inter-comparison

New size data on the enigmatic Spirula spirula (Decabrachia, suborder Spirulina), on a global geographic scale

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