A Review of Characteristics of Landfilled Municipal Solid Waste in Several Countries: Physical Composition, Unit Weight, and Permeability Coefficient

Abstract

The characteristics of landfilled municipal solid waste have great influence on the design, operation, and management of landfills, affecting settlement, slope stability, and leachate/gas well integrity. Through analysis and study we observed that the landfill method is widely used to dispose of municipal solid waste (MSW), especially in developing countries. The research results of MSW landfill properties are different due to waste inhomogeneity. In this paper, MSW physical composition, unit weight, and permeability coefficient of landfills in several countries were reviewed and discussed. Landfilled MSW has strong regional and temporal characteristics. Landfilled MSW of developing countries has high organic content ranges from 75.00% to 97.15%. The organic contents in landfills of most developed regions are relatively small. The unit weight ranged from 4.9-17.8 kN/m 3 and the permeability coefficient ranged from 3.5×10-2 cm/sec to 5.0×10-8 cm/sec within 60 m. In the process of waste degradation, MSW physical composition, unit weight, and permeability coefficient are changed. Waste classification improves the recovery and utilization of landfill and reduces the amount of waste, which affects the characteristics of landfilled MSW. Thus, strengthening waste classification, recycling, and recovery of MSW is significant and meaningful for construction, operation, and management of landfills.

A Comprehensive Review on Reasons for Tailings Dam Failures Based on Case History

“…China is experiencing a period of rapid economic development, and the demand for mineral resources is increasing, along with an emphasis on environmental protection [24,25]. Correspondingly, the number of tailings dams is also increasing.…”

Vývoj množstva komunálneho odpadu na Slovensku a v Nitrianskom kraji v rokoch 2002‑2017

“…Nevyhnutným sa stáva predovšetkým aplikácia zákona do praxe (predchádzanie a znižovanie množstva odpadov, triedenie odpadov, recyklácia a energetické využitie atď.) (Sobczyk, 2016;Yang, Xu, Chai, 2018).…”

Landfill Slope Stability Improvement Incorporating Reinforcements in Reclamation Process Applying Observational Method

“…The rate of chemical and biological reaction in a landfill generally increases with temperature and moisture. Waste decomposition in landfills tends to take place slowly over a very long period of time [1][2][3][4]. Municipal waste deposited on landfills is a highly geotechnical and diverse material, depending on the morphological composition, age, and state of compaction.…”

“…The investigation was performed to determine waste mechanical parameters for the stability analysis and settlement prediction, as well as the estimation of bearing capacity for the landfill access road foundation. The other group of field tests was a geotechnical investigation including DPT, WST, and CPT tests [4]. The WST was generally performed in the vicinity of the main road constructed on the landfill body.…”