“…A recent study on a review of MALL revealed that many studies are more descriptive than innovative and advocate the implementation of larger and long-term research studies on how mobile devices, and the iPad in particular, are impacting language teaching and learning. (Morgana, 2019). Other papers have highlighted the focus on the impact of MALL on fostering the EFL instruction (Imtiaz, Norrihan, Aslam, Waqar, 2016), the role of smartphones in helping students enhance their social and cultural capital (Retorta, and Cristovão, 2017), utilization of Instagram vlog contributed to EFL learners' speaking skill on enhancing fluency, acquiring vocabulary items, and boosting confidence and motivation (Wulandari, 2019), and the effect of MALL in improving students' motivation (Teeter, 2017).…”