A review of microtox test and its applications

Hao, Oliver J.; Lin, Cheng‐Fang; Jeng, Fu‐Tien; Shih, Chien-Jen

doi:10.1080/02772249509358249

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…The toxicity results were recorded as effective concentrations (EC 50 ). The Hep-2 cell line was used for the in vitro cytotoxicity assay of each disinfectant (Hao et al 1995). The percentage (%) of the viable cells was determined as follows:…”

Section: Toxicity Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoceramics and novel functionalized silicate-based magnetic nanocomposites as substitutional disinfectants for water and wastewater purification

Nahwary

Hemdan

Abia

2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Herein, we successfully synthesized nano-porous Co 2 O 3 /Cu 2 O 3 : Al 2 O 3 : SiO 2 ((0, 5, 7, 9) Co-CAS) using the acidic sol-gel approach and calcined at 800°C for 4 h. The crystallization behavior and spectroscopic properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra analysis. The antibiotic properties of the nano-porous CAS, 5Co-CAS, and 9Co-CAS magnetic nanocomposites was studied against some potentially pathogenic bacteria in water and wastewater samples. The bacteria tested included Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Bacillus subtilis. Incorporating Co 2 O 3 resulted in the identification of three peaks at 2θ = 10.2°, 13.4°, and 15°. The introduction of cobalt nanoparticles created a ferromagnetic behavior in the CAS nanoceramic, with the magnetic moment and saturation values increasing with increased Co 2 O 3 doping. 9Co-CAS was most potent against all the tested pathogens with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 25 mg/L within 40 min for E. coli and P. aeruginosa and 50 mg/L within 10 min for S. enterica; the lowest antibacterial activity was observed with the unmodified CAS. The findings revealed that the manufactured nanocomposite materials were potent disinfectants with a promising application for water and wastewater treatment.

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Section: Toxicity Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoceramics and novel functionalized silicate-based magnetic nanocomposites as substitutional disinfectants for water and wastewater purification

Nahwary

Hemdan

Abia

2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…These biosensors have been engineered to constitutively express luminescence until metabolically perturbed. Luminescence-based biosensors report on the holistic whole-cell effects of pollutants on cellular metabolism, and therefore the output encompasses many toxic mechanisms such as genotoxicity, cell membrane disruption, or osmotic stress as just a few examples [26]. As they are affected by the individual components of a water sample as well as their combinatorial effects, they are not necessarily suitable for identifying specific individual drivers of toxicity; however, correlations between the concentrations of certain metals and the toxicity values indicated that some metals may have more of a pronounced toxic effect on the biosensors.…”

Section: Biosensors Results and Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They sensitively respond at very low concentrations of toxic pollutants, with resolution over several orders of magnitude. Certain bacteria such as Vibrio fischeri naturally bioluminesce and have been used commercially for the detection of toxicity in freshwater toxicity detection for decades by companies such as Microtox [26,27], however, engineered whole-cell biosensors that are genetically designed for heightened sensitivity and detection of individually toxic components are new to the market. The OMB biosensor testing protocol utilizes positive and negative controls in every assay, allowing comparison between assays and a semiquantitative result proportional to toxicity.…”

Section: Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Heavy Metal Contamination Using Biosensors and a Multi-Branch Integrated Catchment Model in the Awash River Basin, Ethiopia

Jin,

Rampley,

Abebe

et al. 2023

Water

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Metal pollution in rivers from untreated industrial and domestic wastewater is a major issue in economically developing countries worldwide. The Awash River Basin in Ethiopia is one of those rivers that faces rising heavy metal concentrations due to poor wastewater management and loose law enforcement controlling effluent discharge into rivers. In this study, surface water and wastewater samples were collected within the Awash River Basin, with metals analysis using ICP-MS techniques. Acute toxicity of water was determined using new molecular biosensor technology based on engineered luminescent bacteria. A multi-branch Integrated Catchment Model (INCA) for metals, including Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Manganese, and Zinc was applied to the Awash River Basin to simulate the impact of tannery discharge on the river water pollution levels and to evaluate a set of treatment scenarios for pollution control. Results show that all samples from tannery wastewater have high levels of metals, such as Chromium and Manganese with high levels of toxicities. River water samples from upper Awash near Addis Ababa showed elevated concentrations of heavy metals due to the untreated wastewater from the dense population and a large number of industries in that area. The modeling scenarios indicate that improved wastewater management will reduce the metal concentration significantly. With a 50% reduction in effluent concentrations, the mean concentrations of heavy metals (such as Chromium) over two years would be able to reach 20 to 50% reduction in river water samples.

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“…To evaluate the hazardous effects of studied MNPs, the toxicity levels of MNPs-disinfectant were measured via a cytotoxicity methods on the Hep-2 cell line with Microtox Analyzer 500 [24,25].…”

Section: Toxicity Performance Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Decontamination of ubiquitous harmful microbial lineages in water using an innovative Zn2Ti0.8Fe0.2O4 nanostructure: dielectric and terahertz properties

Nahrawy

Bakr

Hemdan

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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Many ubiquitous dangerous microbial lines could originate in different sources of polluted water and be distributed to tap water, which could cause multiple types of illnesses to humans and livestock. Despite enormous attempts to guarantee safety of potable water, these species are still regarded to be threated prevalent health issues and concerns. However, these species need a powerful disinfectant to be removed from contaminated water for receiving clean and healthy water. This study was therefore conducted to produce magnificent magnetic iron titanate zinc nano-particles (Zn2Ti0.8Fe0.2O4 MNPs) as a sophisticated approach for drinking water (DW) and wastewater purification. The identification of crystalline phase, dielectric and terahertz spectroscopy of iron zinc titanate nanostructure prepared via acidic sol-gel process and calcined at 800 °C. Results show that the formation of cubic structure for Zn2TiO4 phase, and the dielectric constant (εʹ) decreased with the higher frequency, tan (δ) has higher values at lower frequency and the conductivity increases relatively with frequency that attributes to the high resistive grain boundaries. Absorption coefficient, refractive index and dielectric properties of iron zinc titanate nano-particles was estimated via time domain-terahertz spectrometer and adjusted via the applied electric field. In particular, the Gram-negative bacteria were more prone than other microbes tested to the Magnetic Nano-Particles (MNPs). Results also was ascertained that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 25 ppm at 30 min for E. coli and Salmonella enterica, 45 min for Listeria monocyteogens, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans and 60 min for Aspergillus niger with a noticeable bactericidal impact. Results exhibit that the MNPs explored are non-toxic and protected for individuals and the environment. MNPs can, therefore, be proposed as an expedient and impressive nano-scale applicant for inactivation during the drinking water and wastewater conservation of the prevailing dangerous microbes.

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A review of microtox test and its applications

Cited by 6 publications

References 94 publications

Nanoceramics and novel functionalized silicate-based magnetic nanocomposites as substitutional disinfectants for water and wastewater purification

Nanoceramics and novel functionalized silicate-based magnetic nanocomposites as substitutional disinfectants for water and wastewater purification

Assessing Heavy Metal Contamination Using Biosensors and a Multi-Branch Integrated Catchment Model in the Awash River Basin, Ethiopia

Decontamination of ubiquitous harmful microbial lineages in water using an innovative Zn2Ti0.8Fe0.2O4 nanostructure: dielectric and terahertz properties

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