A review of the pelvic organ prolapse quantification system in China

Wang, Yiting; Jiang, Jun-ying; Han, Jin

doi:10.1007/s00192-015-2830-6

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…If a patient had overlapping symptoms, the higher grade was chosen as the severity of urinary incontinence. None of the women recruited had any connective tissue diseases, patholog-ically confirmed endometriosis, estrogen-associated ovarian tumors, pelvic inflammatory conditions, or advanced pelvic organ prolapse [greater than stage II by the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification scale (18)]. Furthermore, these patients were free from any compli-cations that may lead to diseases associated with collagen depletion, including diabetes and hyperthyroidism.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of integrin β1 in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence by electrical stimulation

Liu

et al. 2019

Mol Med Report

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of integrin β1 in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) by electrical stimulation, and the underlying mechanisms by which electrical stimulation regulates the collagen metabolism of female vaginal wall fibroblasts (FVWFs). FVWFs obtained from the vaginal wall tissue of patients with (Ingelman-Sundberg scale; grade II, n=8; grade III, n=10) or without (n=8) SUI during gynecological operations were isolated by enzymatic digestion and subsequently identified by immunocytochemistry. Following this, cultured FVWFs were treated with an inhibitor of integrin β1, recombinant human integrin β1 and electrical stimulation (100 mv/mm, 2 h, 20 Hz), followed by total mRNA and protein extraction. mRNA and protein expression levels of integrin β1, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and collagen (COL) I and III in FVWFs were quantified by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis respectively. Integrin β1, TGF-β1 and COL I and III expression levels were decreased in patients with SUI compared with healthy controls, and the grade III group had lower levels than the grade II group. Following electrical stimulation treatment, the expression levels of TGF-β1, COL I and III were enhanced in the grade II group, but not in the grade III group. Nevertheless, the inhibitor of integrin β1 reduced the protective effect of electrical stimulation in the grade II group. In addition, electrical stimulation combined with recombinant human integrin β1 could also protect cells from SUI in the grade III group. The present study provides evidence for the increased degradation of the extracellular matrix and integrin β1 in the vaginal wall tissues of patients with SUI, and the protective effect of electrical stimulation against SUI via integrin β1. These results provide a novel mechanism for the treatment of SUI using electrical stimulation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of integrin β1 in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence by electrical stimulation

Liu

et al. 2019

Mol Med Report

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“…Various factors leading to different stages of POP were also evaluated for normal and overweight women as presented in (Table 4 and 5). For normal women (BMI 18-24), POP-Q stages was insignificant with age, parity, menopausal status and HRT while, increased abdominal pressure was significantly associated with stages (p=0.0005) [13,14]. For overweight women (BMI 25-30), POP-Q stages were statistically significant with age, parity, menopausal status ( Table 5).…”

Section: Fig (6)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Frequency of Different Stages of Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Factors Leading to it

Karim¹,

Khan²

2017

Natl. j. health sci.

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Introduction: Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) is an important gynecological morbidity. An increasingly popular classification system for this disease is the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System (POP-Q). This study was intended to initiate an information campaign, preventive care management and early treatment to reduce this public and social health problem. Subject and Methods:A Cross sectional study was carried out on 197 women with complaints of something coming out of vagina or heaviness in pelvis. General physical and standard pelvic examination in dorsal lithotomy position was performed for the diagnosis of pelvic organ prolapse. Results:Frequency of various stages of pelvic organ prolapse using Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System (POP-Q) in women was observed as stage 0 (10.2%); stage I (9.69%); stage II (52.55%) and stage III (27.55%). Rate of stage of pelvic organ prolapse was also not significant with parity, menopausal status and hormone replacement therapy while effect of increase abdominal pressure on the POP-Q stage was also statistically significant (p=0.0005). Conclusion:In conclusion, increased abdominal pressure and overweight clearly confers a risk for pelvic organ prolapse. Risk factors (age, parity, menopausal status and hormone replacement therapy) may influence the stages of POP, however the relationship between these factors and different stages has not been clearly understood.

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“…The quantification of POP is pivotal for optimal patient management (3). The International Continence Society Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (ICS POP-Q) system was first introduced in 1996 and is now regarded as the most reliable grading system (4)(5)(6). However, the POP-Q system only provides information relating to the surface anatomy of the pelvic organs and does not consider underlying organs or functional anatomy (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Combined Measurement of Pelvic Organ Mobility and Hiatus Area Improves the Sensitivity of Transperineal Ultrasound When Detecting Pelvic Organ Prolapse

et al. 2021

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Objective: To evaluate whether the combined measurement of pelvic organ mobility and levator hiatus area improves the sensitivity of transperineal ultrasound (the index test) for diagnosing pelvic organ prolapse (POP).Methods: We retrospectively recruited women who had been examined in a tertiary gynecological center for symptoms of lower urinary tract incontinence and/or POP between January 2017 and June 2018. We excluded patients who had undergone hysterectomy previously or those who had received corrective surgery. All subjects underwent a standardized interview, POP quantification (POP-Q) examination (a reference standard for patients and controls), and ultrasound measurements of the levator hiatus area at rest (rHA), on contraction (cHA), and on Valsalva (vHA). We also determined the mobility of the bladder neck (BNM), cervix (CM), and rectum ampulla (RAM). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to determine cut-off values for diagnosis. Diagnostic performance was assessed by sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve (AUC).Results: A total of 343 women were eligible for analysis, including 247 POP patients (stage 2–3 by POP-Q) and 96 controls. Compared with controls, POP cases had significantly higher values for rHA, vHA, cHA, BNM, CM, and RAM. Each parameter was identified as a significant discriminator for POP and controls, as determined by ROC curve analysis, although the cut-off value varied slightly between different parameters. The combination of rHA, vHA, and cHA (with any HA that was ≥ the cut-off) improved the sensitivity from 64–89 to 89–93%. The combination of pelvic organ mobility with rHA, vHA, and cHA, further increased the sensitivity from 89–93 to 95–97%.Conclusion: The combination of levator hiatus area and pelvic organ mobility improved the sensitivity of transperineal ultrasound in the diagnosis of POP, whether used as a frontline test to assist POP-Q grading or to monitor the effect of pelvic floor exercise programs.

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A review of the pelvic organ prolapse quantification system in China

Abstract: The POP-Q system, first used in 2004 in China, is now the most commonly used grading system, with surgery reports and level III hospitals accounting for the largest proportion of POP-Q applications.

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of integrin β1 in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence by electrical stimulation

Effect of integrin β1 in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence by electrical stimulation

Frequency of Different Stages of Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Factors Leading to it

The Combined Measurement of Pelvic Organ Mobility and Hiatus Area Improves the Sensitivity of Transperineal Ultrasound When Detecting Pelvic Organ Prolapse

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