A review on measurement techniques for non-intentional emissions above 2 kHz

Angulo, Itziar; Arrinda, Amaia; Fernández, Igor; Uribe-Pérez, Noelia; Arechalde, Ibon; Hernández, Leonardo

doi:10.1109/energycon.2016.7513893

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…[ 67 ] demonstrates a study of unwanted emissions in the CENELEC-A band generated by distributed energy resources and their influence over the NPLC system. Similar work [ 68 ] deals with measurement techniques for non-intentional emission above 2 kHz, in order to contribute to the standardization of emission requirements in the frequency band of CENELEC or FCC for NPLC systems.…”

Section: Motivation and Goalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband Power Line Communication for Integration of Energy Sensors within a Smart City Ecosystem

Sláčik

Mlýnek

Rusz

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The popularity of the Power Line Communication (PLC) system has decreased due to significant deficiencies in the technology itself, even though new wire installation is not required. In particular, regarding the request for high-speed throughput to fulfill smart-grid requirements, Broadband Power Line (BPLC) can be considered. This paper approaches PLC technology as an object of simulation experimentation in the Broadband Power Line Communication (BPLC) area. Several experimental measurements in a real environment are also given. This paper demonstrates these experimental simulation results as potential mechanisms for creating a complex simulation tool for various PLC technologies focusing on communication with end devices such as sensors and meters. The aim is to demonstrate the potential and limits of BPLC technology for implementation in Smart Grids or Smart Metering applications.

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Section: Motivation and Goalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband Power Line Communication for Integration of Energy Sensors within a Smart City Ecosystem

Sláčik

Mlýnek

Rusz

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…While the synergy of a vast number of cyber-physical entities has allowed the smart grid to be much more effective and sustainable in meeting the growing global energy challenges, it has also brought with it a large number of vulnerabilities resulting in breaches of data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. Moreover, it affects a range of unintentional technical issues [ 1 , 2 ] and security vulnerabilities [ 3 , 4 ]. As a consequence, it is critical to analyze the vulnerabilities of the smart grid and identify mitigation techniques [ 3 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability and Impact Analysis of the IEC 61850 GOOSE Protocol in the Smart Grid

Reda

Ray

Peidaee

et al. 2021

Sensors

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IEC 61850 is one of the most prominent communication standards adopted by the smart grid community due to its high scalability, multi-vendor interoperability, and support for several input/output devices. Generic Object-Oriented Substation Events (GOOSE), which is a widely used communication protocol defined in IEC 61850, provides reliable and fast transmission of events for the electrical substation system. This paper investigates the security vulnerabilities of this protocol and analyzes the potential impact on the smart grid by rigorously analyzing the security of the GOOSE protocol using an automated process and identifying vulnerabilities in the context of smart grid communication. The vulnerabilities are tested using a real-time simulation and industry standard hardware-in-the-loop emulation. An in-depth experimental analysis is performed to demonstrate and verify the security weakness of the GOOSE publish-subscribe protocol towards the substation protection within the smart grid setup. It is observed that an adversary who might have familiarity with the substation network architecture can create falsified attack scenarios that can affect the physical operation of the power system. Extensive experiments using the real-time testbed validate the theoretical analysis, and the obtained experimental results prove that the GOOSE-based IEC 61850 compliant substation system is vulnerable to attacks from malicious intruders.

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“…The PLC method can be divided into a narrowband PLC method with hundreds of kHz bandwidth and a broadband PLC method with tens of MHz bandwidth according to the frequency bandwidth used [21,22]. G3 PLC and PRIME methods [23,24] are mainly used in Europe as narrowband PLC methods for AMI configurations, to the customer type, and measured the communication performances at each measurement point (MP), from the utility pole where the transformer is mounted, to the smart meter of the customer. Here, we use the signal and noise powers, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and packet error rate (PER) in evaluating the communication performances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of AMI Communication Methods in Various Field Environments

Kim

Chung

2020

Energies

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In order to construct an efficient on-site communication network for an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) in Korea, the high-speed power line communication (HS PLC), wireless smart utility network (Wi-SUN), and ZigBee modems are currently being used. In this paper, we first quantitatively analyze the communication performances of HS PLC, Wi-SUN, and ZigBee modems for AMI through both experimental testbeds and practical environment sites. For practical AMI sites, we selected 18 sites with 48 measurement points and classified the sites into five areas, and conducted measurements of signal and noise power spectra on the sites. We then derived linear regression models for received powers according to areas. Through the constructed models, we can efficiently choose an appropriate communication method and plan a methodology for building an AMI network depending on the area type. Furthermore, using the constructed regression models, we provided graphical simulation tools of received powers for both PLC and wireless communication methods based on a distribution information map.

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A review on measurement techniques for non-intentional emissions above 2 kHz

Cited by 24 publications

References 7 publications

Broadband Power Line Communication for Integration of Energy Sensors within a Smart City Ecosystem

Broadband Power Line Communication for Integration of Energy Sensors within a Smart City Ecosystem

Vulnerability and Impact Analysis of the IEC 61850 GOOSE Protocol in the Smart Grid

Analysis of AMI Communication Methods in Various Field Environments

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