A review on turbines for micro hydro power plant

Jawahar, C.P.; Michael, Prawin Angel

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.133

Cited by 123 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, invalid solutions should be discarded in order not to participate in future generations of the GA. Death penalty is used to penalized invalid individuals. As a result, the fitness of each individual will be calculated as i f solution valid F = (8), else F = −∞, ∞, according to (14), (16).…”

Section: Fitness Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such death penalty should be employed in each of the objectives. As a result, the fitness of each individual will be calculated as if solution valid F = (8), (9), else F = ∞, according to (14), (16).…”

Section: Fitness Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although several alternatives have been demonstrated to be suitable to supply electric power to remote isolated areas [10][11][12], hydropower has established itself as the most frequently used around the world [13], with the highest efficiency rates [14]. Given its versatility and stable projection [15], hydropower plants represent an effective, suitable option for the supply of rural isolated areas [16], being also the cheapest option for off-grid generation [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An Evolutionary Computational Approach for Designing Micro Hydro Power Plants

2019

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Micro Hydro Power Plants (MHPP) constitute an effective, environmentally-friendly solution to deal with energy poverty in rural isolated areas, being the most extended renewable technology in this field. Nevertheless, the context of poverty and lack of qualified manpower usually lead to a poor usage of the resources, due to the use of thumb rules and user experience to design the layout of the plants, which conditions the performance. For this reason, the development of robust and efficient optimization strategies are particularly relevant in this field. This paper proposes a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to address the problem of finding the optimal layout for an MHPP based on real scenario data, obtained by means of a set of experimental topographic measurements. With this end in view, a model of the plant is first developed, in terms of which the optimization problem is formulated with the constraints of minimal generated power and maximum use of flow, together with the practical feasibility of the layout to the measured terrain. The problem is formulated in both single-objective (minimization of the cost) and multi-objective (minimization of the cost and maximization of the generated power) modes, the Pareto dominance being studied in this last case. The algorithm is first applied to an example scenario to illustrate its performance and compared with a reference Branch and Bound Algorithm (BBA) linear approach, reaching reductions of more than 70% in the cost of the MHPP. Finally, it is also applied to a real set of geographical data to validate its robustness against irregular, poorly sampled domains.

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Section: Fitness Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fitness Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Evolutionary Computational Approach for Designing Micro Hydro Power Plants

2019

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“…At present, Kaplan turbines are more widely used for their dual regulating function, which allows them to operate in a wide range of hydraulic conditions. Compared with higher-head turbines, Kaplan turbines can save more cost and time in the construction of power plants with lower excavation depth and less excavation of earth and rock [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Load Rejection Transient Process Simulation of a Kaplan Turbine Model by Co-Adjusting Guide Vanes and Runner Blades

et al. 2018

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To obtain the flow mechanism of the transient characteristics of a Kaplan turbine, a three-dimensional (3-D) unsteady, incompressible flow simulation during load rejection was conducted using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method in this paper. The dynamic mesh and re-meshing methods were performed to simulate the closing process of the guide vanes and runner blades. The evolution of inner flow patterns and varying regularities of some parameters, such as the runner rotation speed, unit flow rate, unit torque, axial force, and static pressure of the monitored points were revealed, and the results were consistent with the experimental data. During the load rejection process, the guide vane closing behavior played a decisive role in changing the external characteristics and inner flow configurations. In this paper, the runner blades underwent a linear needle closure law and guide vanes operated according to a stage-closing law of "first fast, then slow," where the inflection point was t = 2.3 s. At the segment point of the guide vane closing curve, a water hammer occurs between guide vanes and a large quantity of vortices emerged in the runner and the draft tube. The pressure at the measurement points changes dramatically and the axial thrust rises sharply, marking a unique time in the transient process. Thus, the quality of a transient process could be effectively improved by properly setting the location of segmented point. This study conducted a dynamic simulation of co-adjustment of the guide vanes and the blades, and the results could be used in fault diagnosis of transient operations at hydropower plants.

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“…Among several micro-hydropower turbines [12], pumps operating as turbines (PAT) are pointed as a cost-effective solution for energy recovery in water supply systems [13,14]. These hydraulic machines have lower initial investments than specifically designed turbines and are suitable for micro hydropower plants (<100 kW) with considerable efficiency [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Assessment of Energy Recovery Potential in Water Supply Systems with High Demand Variation

Monteiro

Delgado

Covas

2018

Water

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Enhancing energy efficiency of water supply systems by recovering part of the excessive pressure is currently an issue of growing interest for water companies. The installation of micro hydro plants for energy recovery can be profitable in sites with excessive pressure, though requiring proper technical and economical evaluation. This paper presents a methodology for assessing the energy recovery potential in water supply systems under high seasonal demand variation. The methodology is based on the calculation of head and flow rate conditions that maximize energy production for a specific energy recovery technology, given available head and flow rate ranges. The methodology is applied to the inlet of a storage tank of a water transmission system using hourly collected data over one year. Results show that, in systems of high variability of flow rate, the installation of turbomachines in parallel is necessary for maximizing energy recovery and that the developed methodology returns lower, but more realistic, energy production estimates than other approaches based on average head and flow rate data.

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A review on turbines for micro hydro power plant

Cited by 123 publications

References 30 publications

An Evolutionary Computational Approach for Designing Micro Hydro Power Plants

An Evolutionary Computational Approach for Designing Micro Hydro Power Plants

Load Rejection Transient Process Simulation of a Kaplan Turbine Model by Co-Adjusting Guide Vanes and Runner Blades

Improved Assessment of Energy Recovery Potential in Water Supply Systems with High Demand Variation

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