A self-diagnostic adhesive for monitoring bonded joints in aerospace structures

Zhuang, Yitao; Li, Yu-Hung; Kopsaftopoulos, Fotis; Chang, Fu‐Kuo

doi:10.1117/12.2219361

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Equation (3) represents the converse piezoelectric effects of shear-mode transducers where the applied electric field, E 1 across its thickness induces the mechanical shear strain, S 5 in the 1-3 plane. Equation (4) represents the direct piezoelectric effects, where the applied shear stress, T 5 induces the electric displacement, D 1 .…”

Section: Shear-mode (D15) Pztsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Potential methods to address this are mentioned in the future work section and could include miniaturized sensing elements which have been developed already and are used to monitor various structures [39,40]. The development and evaluation of embedding sensing elements inside the bondline of laminate structures for structural integrity assessment using piezoelectric transducers has shown promising results and is still under investigation [2,3,41]. Furthermore, despite differing sensitivity of antisymmetric waves to the inflicted damage, bondline-embedded d15 PZTs provide a promising initial step forward for health monitoring of bondline integrity.…”

Section: Influence Of Preload Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of internally embedded sensors presents new opportunities to inspect laminate structures with the potential to expand the use of laminate structures beyond their current limit. Various researchers have experimented with internally embedded bondline damage detection using electromechanical impedance methods [2,3]. This paper presents a study into ultrasonic health during a destructive three-point bending test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Damage Detection Using d15 Piezoelectric Sensors in a Laminate Beam Undergoing Three-Point Bending

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A major inhibition to the widespread use of laminate structures is the inability of nondestructive testing techniques to effectively evaluate the bondline integrity. This work proposes and analyzes a bondline-integrity health monitoring approach utilizing shear-mode (d15) piezoelectric transducers. The d15 transducers were embedded in the bondlines of symmetric laminate structures to monitor and evaluate the bondline integrity using ultrasonic inspection. The d15 piezoelectric transducers made of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) enabled ultrasonic inspection of bonds by actuating and sensing antisymmetric waves in laminate structures. Design considerations, fabrication process, and experimental methods for testing a laminate specimen are presented. Designs included bondline-embedded d15 PZT piezoelectric transducers with surface-mounted transverse (d31) piezoelectric transducers for signal comparison. Defects in the bondline were created by a quasi-static three-point bending test, with results showing the ability of d15 piezoelectric transducers to detect bondline damage. Two damage indices based on Pearson correlation coefficient and normalized signal energy were implemented to evaluate the presence of damage and its severity. The experimental results demonstrate the ability of bondline-embedded d15 piezoelectric transducers to be used as actuators and sensors for ultrasonic health monitoring of bondline integrity. A comparison between surface-mounted d31 PZT and bondline-embedded d15 PZT sensors was also conducted. It was seen that signals sensed by bondline-embedded d15 PZTs showed higher distortion due to bondline defects compared with the sensed signals from the surface-mounted d31 PZT.

show abstract

Section: Shear-mode (D15) Pztsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Influence Of Preload Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Damage Detection Using d15 Piezoelectric Sensors in a Laminate Beam Undergoing Three-Point Bending

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gulizzi et al [21] presented a numerical and experimental validation for the EMI method in bonded joints. Recently, Zhuang et al [22] presented a self-diagnostic adhesive which is an EMI method for adhesive degradation. Dugnani et al [23] demonstrated adhesive bond-line degradation detection via a cross-correlation using the EMI method.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature dependence of electromechanical impedance based bond-line integrity monitoring

Bilgunde

Bond

2017

SPIE Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electromechanical impedance (EMI) is an important technique for bond-line integrity monitoring of adhesively bonded joints in automotive and aerospace structures. In the current work, numerical analysis of temperature sensitivity of the EMI technique is performed. The objective is to detect stiffness reduction of the adhesive in the presence of temperature and external mechanical load. Increase in the operating temperature can degrade the bonded piezoelectric material causing misinterpretation of the EMI data. EMI Signal features are numerically investigated to decouple the effect of load and temperature on the piezoelectric material in the mechanically loaded bonded joint. The computational results indicate higher dependence of EM resonance spectrum towards piezoelectric material matrix as compared to the tensile load applied on the bonded sample as the stiffness of adhesive is numerically varied.

show abstract

“…Meanwhile, Lamb wave data collected in real engineering structures are often contaminated by operational and environmental noises, which further increase the difficulty of achieving accurate damage quantification results. Therefore, instead of acquiring test data from the target structures for model development, a few studies used finite element (FE) simulation to investigate the underlying mechanisms for Lamb wave damage detection in order to minimize the required experimental work [ 18 , 19 ]. Hong proposed an approach to locate fatigue damage using nonlinear Lamb wave.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fatigue Crack Size Evaluation Method Based on Lamb Wave Simulation and Limited Experimental Data

Ran

Liu

et al. 2017

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents a systematic and general method for Lamb wave-based crack size quantification using finite element simulations and Bayesian updating. The method consists of construction of a baseline quantification model using finite element simulation data and Bayesian updating with limited Lamb wave data from target structure. The baseline model correlates two proposed damage sensitive features, namely the normalized amplitude and phase change, with the crack length through a response surface model. The two damage sensitive features are extracted from the first received S0 mode wave package. The model parameters of the baseline model are estimated using finite element simulation data. To account for uncertainties from numerical modeling, geometry, material and manufacturing between the baseline model and the target model, Bayesian method is employed to update the baseline model with a few measurements acquired from the actual target structure. A rigorous validation is made using in-situ fatigue testing and Lamb wave data from coupon specimens and realistic lap-joint components. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method is demonstrated under different loading and damage conditions.

show abstract

A self-diagnostic adhesive for monitoring bonded joints in aerospace structures

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Damage Detection Using d15 Piezoelectric Sensors in a Laminate Beam Undergoing Three-Point Bending

Damage Detection Using d15 Piezoelectric Sensors in a Laminate Beam Undergoing Three-Point Bending

Temperature dependence of electromechanical impedance based bond-line integrity monitoring

A Fatigue Crack Size Evaluation Method Based on Lamb Wave Simulation and Limited Experimental Data

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About