A short-run solution to the power crisis of Pakistan

Imran, Muhammad; Amir, Namra

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2015.09.028

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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Section: Hydropowermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Owing to a decrease in the generation capacity, hydel power generation is prone to encounter limitations based on a deficit of water, mostly in winters. Limited reservoirs and dams further add to this problem [50]. For Pakistan, as a developing country, the ultimate preference could be hydropower, since it is inexpensive, plentiful, and a native source for renewable energy production.…”

Section: Hydropowermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For 2014 and 2016, the amount of waste produced in Pakistan's foremost cities are shown in Table 16, demonstrating that a gross total of 32.3 megatons (MT) per year is generated [141]. Figure 22 shows that the use of biochemical processes of MSW will cause a reduction from 0.1% to 0.03% in the share of imported electricity [50]. The energy attained by the biochemical processing of MSW may contribute up to 0.07%.…”

Section: Municipal Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Prospective Non-Conventional Alternate and Renewable Energy Sources in Pakistan—A Focus on Biomass Energy for Power Generation, Transportation, and Industrial Fuel

et al. 2018

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Pakistan is experiencing an undersupply of electricity, causing load shedding several hours per day due to the adherence to conventional energy resources having quantitative and environmental limitations. Fossil fuels generate more than half of the country’s total electricity, but they will ultimately run out due to their limited supply. Their combustion emits greenhouse gases, posing environmental threats. Since the world is tending toward efficient and sustainable alternative methods for harvesting energy from nature, Pakistan has also been investigating an elevated deployment of renewable energy projects. This paper presents a critical analysis of the present energy sector of Pakistan along with global scenarios. Pakistan relies on mainly thermal, hydro, and nuclear energy for power generation. National solar, wind, geothermal, and biomass resources have not been extensively explored and implemented. This paper provides an insight into the potential of these resources in Pakistan to generate electricity for the national grid on a large scale. It focuses on biomass energy, which can be harnessed from bagasse, poultry waste, and municipal waste for power production, and biomass-based fuel for industries and transportation. It concludes that biomass is the most sustainable, available, implementable, and environment-friendly resource that can be utilized to lessen the energy demand and supply gap in Pakistan.

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Section: Hydropowermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydropowermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Municipal Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Prospective Non-Conventional Alternate and Renewable Energy Sources in Pakistan—A Focus on Biomass Energy for Power Generation, Transportation, and Industrial Fuel

et al. 2018

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“…The data on the energy resources and reserves availability is collected from various government publications and documents available publicly. According to Hydrocarbon Development Institute of Pakistan (HDIP), the rate of consumption of oil is so high that with the current rate of production, indigenous oil reserves will be exhausted by 2025, whereas the indigenous resources of natural gas will run out by 2030 unless new natural gas and oil reserves are to be explored, as depicted in Table II [6]. Table III describes the potential of Wind, Solar and Hydropower in Pakistan as estimated by the Alternative Energy Development Board (AEDB) of Government of Pakistan [7,8].…”

Section: Pakistan Times Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decarbonization of Electricity Sector of Pakistan—An Application of Times Energy Model

Valasai¹,

Mirjat²,

Uqaili³

et al. 2017

JOCET

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Abstract-This study explores the decarbonization potential and economic analysis of the power generation sector of Pakistan. PakistanTIMES energy model has been developed using TIMES energy model with focus on limiting the CO 2 emissions under two alternative scenarios CEC10 and CEC20. Various power generation technologies; their cost and performance characteristics, fossil fuels and renewable energy resources availability, potential and costs, a number of assumptions, and suitable modelling parameters have been considered for the study period 2014-2033. BASE scenario results of the model warrants that Pakistan needs to invest to the tune of US$ (2014) 29.2 billion to ensure consistent electricity supply during the study period. It is also estimated that CO 2 emissions will reach 171 million tonnes by year 2033. On other hand, alternative scenarios CEC10 and CEC20 shall result 153 and 136 million tonnes of CO 2 emissions respectively by the end of study period. The investment cost estimated by the model for CEC10 and CEC20 scenarios are to the tune of 30 and 34 billion US$ respectively. These results suggest that Pakistan can achieve the decarbonization of power generation sector in the range of 10-20 % gradually towards year 2033 with additional system costs of 1-5 billion US$.

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“…This is especially true for electric power industry. Under the circumstances of information networking, economic globalization, and the deterioration of the ecosystem, the electric power crises occur frequently (Imran and Amir [3]; Li et al [4]; Choi and Lee [5]). Since 2003, the large-scale blackouts have taken place in the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Approach to Fuzzy Cognitive Map Based on Hesitant Fuzzy Sets for Modeling Risk Impact on Electric Power System

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Jia-shu³

2019

IJCIS

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Electric power industry has been undergoing enormous transformations. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the security of electric power system and the decision capacity in the emergency process. As a complicated system, electric power system is affected by many factors, the reasoning of which can be regarded as a process that combines intuition and cognition. Uncertainty characterizes human cognitive and reasoning processes. Several extensions of fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) model have been suggested to handle multifarious sources of uncertainty. Nevertheless, the uncertainty from human doubt may arise in the assignment of membership degrees, which is neglected in current FCMs. To deal with this problem, a novel approach based on hesitant fuzzy sets (HFSs) and FCMs, called hesitant fuzzy cognitive maps (HFCMs), is presented in this paper. The proposed method, which possesses the features of tackling hesitancy explicitly during the experts' assessments, is demonstrated by an example on the analysis of risk factors affecting electric power system. It can provide a better simulation of the inherent uncertainty in real problems through the hesitancy represented in experts' knowledge, and a what-if analysis for describing hesitant fuzzy scenario is well developed with the HFCM model.

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A short-run solution to the power crisis of Pakistan

Cited by 25 publications

References 17 publications

The Prospective Non-Conventional Alternate and Renewable Energy Sources in Pakistan—A Focus on Biomass Energy for Power Generation, Transportation, and Industrial Fuel

The Prospective Non-Conventional Alternate and Renewable Energy Sources in Pakistan—A Focus on Biomass Energy for Power Generation, Transportation, and Industrial Fuel

Decarbonization of Electricity Sector of Pakistan—An Application of Times Energy Model

A Novel Approach to Fuzzy Cognitive Map Based on Hesitant Fuzzy Sets for Modeling Risk Impact on Electric Power System

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