A Simple Interfacial Platform for Homogeneous Electrochemical Immunoassays Using a Poly(Vinylimidazole)-Modified Electrode

Choi, Young-Bong; Jeon, Won-Yong; Kim, Hyug-Han

doi:10.3390/s17010054

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The use of polymers such as polyaminobenzoic acid endow carboxyl groups on the ITO surfaces and allow surface functionalization with N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, which is highly reactive to the -NH 2 groups of antibody. Choi et al suggested an ITO polymer-modified polyvinylimidazole electrode with Ni (II) ions for the detection of hippuric acid (the toluene metabolite) [126]. Since the Ni (II) ions are highly reactive to the imidazole function, various Ni (II) ions bind to the polymer, thereby facilitating electron transfer to the electrode.…”

Section: Organic Conductive Polymermentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical biosensors: perspective on functional nanomaterials for on-site analysis

2020

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Background: The electrochemical biosensor is one of the typical sensing devices based on transducing the biochemical events to electrical signals. In this type of sensor, an electrode is a key component that is employed as a solid support for immobilization of biomolecules and electron movement. Thanks to numerous nanomaterials that possess the large surface area, synergic effects are enabled by improving loading capacity and the mass transport of reactants for achieving high performance in terms of analytical sensitivity. Main body: We categorized the current electrochemical biosensors into two groups, carbon-based (carbon nanotubes and graphene) and non-carbon-based nanomaterials (metallic and silica nanoparticles, nanowire, and indium tin oxide, organic materials). The carbon allotropes can be employed as an electrode and supporting scaffolds due to their large active surface area as well as an effective electron transfer rate. We also discussed the non-carbon nanomaterials that are used as alternative supporting components of the electrode for improving the electrochemical properties of biosensors. Conclusion: Although several functional nanomaterials have provided the innovative solid substrate for high performances, developing on-site version of biosensor that meets enough sensitivity along with high reproducibility still remains a challenge. In particular, the matrix interference from real samples which seriously affects the biomolecular interaction still remains the most critical issues that need to be solved for practical aspect in the electrochemical biosensor. Recently, various electrochemistry-driven biosensing methods have been introduced for simple and miniaturized analytical devices for on-site analysis. This trend can be applied to replace the commercial lab instruments manufactured by the renowned in vitro diagnosis

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Section: Organic Conductive Polymermentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical biosensors: perspective on functional nanomaterials for on-site analysis

2020

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“…Ion attachment is another signal enhancement strategy. Choi et al proposed the polyvinyl-imidazole (PVI) polymer-modified ITO electrode with Ni(II) ions for the homogeneous measurement of hippuric acid known as a toluene metabolite [ 37 ]. Due to the high affinity trait of Ni(II) ions with the imidazole group, numerous Ni(II) ions bind to the polymer, thereby promoting electron transfer to the electrode.…”

Section: Functional Nanomaterials Used As Electrodes and Supportinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Technologies of Electrochemical Immunosensors: Perspective on Signal Amplification

Cho

Lee

Kim

et al. 2018

Sensors

192

115

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An electrochemical immunosensor employs antibodies as capture and detection means to produce electrical charges for the quantitative analysis of target molecules. This sensor type can be utilized as a miniaturized device for the detection of point-of-care testing (POCT). Achieving high-performance analysis regarding sensitivity has been one of the key issues with developing this type of biosensor system. Many modern nanotechnology efforts allowed for the development of innovative electrochemical biosensors with high sensitivity by employing various nanomaterials that facilitate the electron transfer and carrying capacity of signal tracers in combination with surface modification and bioconjugation techniques. In this review, we introduce novel nanomaterials (e.g., carbon nanotube, graphene, indium tin oxide, nanowire and metallic nanoparticles) in order to construct a high-performance electrode. Also, we describe how to increase the number of signal tracers by employing nanomaterials as carriers and making the polymeric enzyme complex associated with redox cycling for signal amplification. The pros and cons of each method are considered throughout this review. We expect that these reviewed strategies for signal enhancement will be applied to the next versions of lateral-flow paper chromatography and microfluidic immunosensor, which are considered the most practical POCT biosensor platforms.

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“…These devices present several advantages such as high sensitivity, fast response, and low cost of production. Electrochemical glucose biosensors can be fabricated by homogeneous or heterogeneous methods, depending on whether a nanomaterial interferes between the electrode and the enzyme that acts as the signal molecule [ 3 , 4 ]. The development of homogenous biosensors is simple, inexpensive, and exploits the adsorptive capacity and binding ability of the reactants towards the electrode; these biosensors surpass steric hindrance and improve enzymatic efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure-Function Studies of Glucose Oxidase in the Presence of Carbon Nanotubes and Bio-Graphene for the Development of Electrochemical Glucose Biosensors

Alatzoglou,

Tzianni,

Patila

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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In this work, we investigated the effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and bio-graphene (bG) on the structure and activity of glucose oxidase (GOx), as well as on the performance of the respective electrochemical glucose biosensors. Various spectroscopic techniques were applied to evaluate conformational changes in GOx molecules induced by the presence of MWCNTs and bG. The results showed that MWCNTs induced changes in the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) prosthetic group of GOx, and the tryptophan residues were exposed to a more hydrophobic environment. Moreover, MWCNTs caused protein unfolding and conversion of α-helix to β-sheet structure, whereas bG did not affect the secondary and tertiary structure of GOx. The effect of the structural changes was mirrored by a decrease in the activity of GOx (7%) in the presence of MWCNTs, whereas the enzyme preserved its activity in the presence of bG. The beneficial properties of bG over MWCNTs on GOx activity were further supported by electrochemical data at two glucose biosensors based on GOx entrapped in chitosan gel in the presence of bG or MWCNTs. bG-based biosensors exhibited a 1.33-fold increased sensitivity and improved reproducibility for determining glucose over the sweat-relevant concentration range of glucose.

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A Simple Interfacial Platform for Homogeneous Electrochemical Immunoassays Using a Poly(Vinylimidazole)-Modified Electrode

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Electrochemical biosensors: perspective on functional nanomaterials for on-site analysis

Electrochemical biosensors: perspective on functional nanomaterials for on-site analysis

Current Technologies of Electrochemical Immunosensors: Perspective on Signal Amplification

Structure-Function Studies of Glucose Oxidase in the Presence of Carbon Nanotubes and Bio-Graphene for the Development of Electrochemical Glucose Biosensors

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