A single residue deletion in the barley HKT1;5 P189 variant restores plasma membrane localisation but not Na+ conductance

Integrated GWAS and transcriptomic analysis reveal the candidate salt-responding genes regulating Na+/K+ balance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

“…The rest of the annotated genes are involved in binding proteins, transport proteins, protein kinases, and other unknown function proteins ( Supplementary Table 5 ). For example, HORVU4Hr1G087960 code for a high-affinity K + transporter (HvHKT1;5), which is involved in the ionic stress signaling pathway ( Qiu et al., 2011 ; Hazzouri et al., 2018 ; van Bezouw et al., 2019 ; Huang et al., 2020 ; Houston et al., 2020 ; Wege et al., 2021 ). HORVU5Hr1G124800 is annotated for serine/threonine-protein kinase and may be involved in MAPK cascades responding to salt or osmotic stress.…”

“…(C) Manhattan plot for R-Na + , R-K + , and R-Na + /K + , respectively. Houston et al, 2020;Wege et al, 2021). HORVU5Hr1G124800 is annotated for serine/threonine-protein kinase and may be involved in MAPK cascades responding to salt or osmotic stress.…”

Barley Nodulin 26-like intrinsic protein permeates water, metalloids, saccharides, and ion pairs due to structural plasticity and diversification

“…HvNIP2;1 expression in oocytes was performed as described ( 46 , 47 ). Briefly, native HvNIP2;1 DNA was inserted in the Gateway-enabled pGEMHE vector ( 9 , 79 ) and complementary RNA (cRNA) was transcribed using the Ambion mMESSAGE mMACHINE kit (Life Technologies). 23 ng cRNA in 46 nl of RNA-free water or an equal volume of RNA-free water were injected in oocytes, followed by incubation in ND-96 for 24 to 48 h before measurements ( 9 , 79 ).…”

“…Briefly, native HvNIP2;1 DNA was inserted in the Gateway-enabled pGEMHE vector ( 9 , 79 ) and complementary RNA (cRNA) was transcribed using the Ambion mMESSAGE mMACHINE kit (Life Technologies). 23 ng cRNA in 46 nl of RNA-free water or an equal volume of RNA-free water were injected in oocytes, followed by incubation in ND-96 for 24 to 48 h before measurements ( 9 , 79 ). Permeability of HvNIP2;1 expressed in oocytes to solutes was investigated after the transfer of oocytes to the 5-fold diluted solution of ND96 (5 mM HEPES-NaOH buffer, pH 7.4 containing 96 mM NaCl, 2 mM KCl, 1.8 mM CaCl 2 , and 1 mM MgCl 2 ) supplemented with solutes at 160 mM concentration, which equaled to 200 mOsmol/kg osmolarity.…”

To exclude or to accumulate? Revealing the role of the sodium HKT1;5 transporter in plant adaptive responses to varying soil salinity

“…Some of these amino acid residue differences J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f potentially impact Na + affinity or conductance (Ren et al, 2005;Cotsaftis et al, 2012;Somasundaram et al, 2020). More recently however, in both wheat and barley HKT1;5, single amino acid variants that destabilize a membrane helix have been identified (Borjigin et al, 2020;Houston et al, 2020;Wege et al, 2021), the impact of which will be discussed in the subsequent section.…”