A socio-sports model of disordered eating among Brazilian male athletes

Fortes, Leonardo de Sousa; Ferreira, Maria Elisa Caputo; Oliveira, Saulo Fernandes Melo de; Cyrino, Edílson Serpeloni; Almeida, Sebastião de Sousa

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2015.05.005

Cited by 43 publications

(71 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, the results may not reliably reflect the context under study as they refer to subjective responses. Researchers, however, emphasize these instruments are relevant as long as psychometric qualities are ensured (Fortes et al, 2015). Additionally, some sports were represented by a small sample size, which may have biased the results, while this study's sample may not be representative of the population of Brazilian athletes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Discriminant validity was verified with the univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), controlling for age to compare the DES scores of classifications regarding fat percentage (low, normal and high). We chose to control age because other studies indicate there is a relationship between age and disordered eating behaviors among athletes Fortes et al, 2015). The Bonferroni post hoc test was used to identify the groups that differed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that emphasizes the body (e.g., acrobatic diving or artistic gymnastics; Fortes et al, 2015) or those sports in which body weight is key to maximize performance (e.g., boxing, judo, or taekwondo; Rouveix, Bouget, Pannafieux, Champely, & Filaire, 2007). Nonetheless, existing psychometric tools used to assess disordered eating behaviors are not specific for the athletic population.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Note that the environment of sports presents characteristics (e.g. pressure from coaches to improve performance and apparel that highlights the body shape) that, according to Fortes et al (2015), render athletes vulnerable to eating disorders. Hence, it is extremely important to devise instruments with specific items addressing the environment of sports to more reliably analyze the frequency of disordered eating behaviors among athletes (Galli et al, 2013;Petrie et al, 2013).…”

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Psychometric Analysis of Disordered Eating in Sports Scale (DES)

Fortes

Almeida

Ferreira

2016

Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto)

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There is no specific psychometric scale that addresses disordered eating among Brazilian athletes. This study's aim was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Disordered Eating in Sports Scale (DES) among Brazilian athletes. A total of 1,338 athletes, both sexes, from various sports participated in the study; 141 were excluded. The DES and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) were used to assess disordered eating among the study participants. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a factor structure that explains more than 40% of the scale's variance. The final version's items presented factors loadings greater than .3. The Pearson correlation showed a statistically significant relationship between the DES and EAT-26 subscales. No differences were found in the mean scores of DES in an interval of two weeks. The findings indicate differences in DES scores due to body adiposity. The conclusion is that DES showed satisfactory concurrent and discriminant validity and reproducibility. Keywords: eating behavior, athletes, psychometrics Análise Psicométrica da Escala de Atitudes Alimentares no Esporte (EAAE)Resumo: Não existe escala psicométrica específica que avalie atitudes de risco para os transtornos alimentares em atletas brasileiros. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Atitudes Alimentares no Esporte (EAAE). Participaram 1.338 atletas de ambos os sexos de diversas modalidades esportivas, no entanto, 141 foram excluídos. Utilizaram-se a EAAE e o Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) para avaliar atitudes de risco para os transtornos alimentares nos participantes da pesquisa. A análise fatorial exploratória demonstrou estrutura fatorial que explicou mais de 40% da variância da EAAE. Os itens da versão final da EAAE demonstraram cargas fatoriais superiores a 0,3. A correlação de Pearson indicou relação estatisticamente significante entre a EAAE e as subescalas do EAT-26. Não se identificou diferença das médias dos escores da EAAE no intervalo de duas semanas. Os achados revelaram diferença dos escores da EAAE em função da adiposidade corporal. Concluiu-se que a EAAE demonstrou validade concorrente, discriminante e reprodutibilidade satisfatórias. Palavras-chave: comportamento alimentar, atletas, psicometria Análisis Psicométrico de la Escala de Actitudes Alimentarias en el Deporte (EAAD)Resumen: No existe una escala psicométrica específica para evaluar las actitudes de riesgo de trastornos alimentarios en atletas brasileños. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de Escala de Actitudes Alimentarias en el Deporte (EAAD). Participaron 1.338 atletas hombres y mujeres de diferentes deportes, aunque 141 fueron excluidos. Fueron utilizadas EAAD y la Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) para evaluar las actitudes de riesgo de trastornos alimentarios en los participantes de la encuesta. El análisis factorial mostró estructura que explica más del 40% de la varianza. Los ítems de la EAAD mostraron un factor de carga superior a 0,3. La correlación de Pearson ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychometric Analysis of Disordered Eating in Sports Scale (DES)

Fortes

Almeida

Ferreira

2016

Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto)

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“…Estudos apontam que aproximadamente 30% dos atletas do sexo feminino adotam os comportamentos de risco para os TA como medida para diminuir ou manter o peso corporal ao longo da temporada competitiva 7,9 . Destaca-se que a adoção dos comportamentos de risco para os TA possui estreita relação com a insatisfação corporal 10 . Neste sentido, recomenda-se que o nível de insatisfação corporal seja estatisticamente controlado em investigações concernentes aos comportamentos de risco para os TA em atletas 9 .…”

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Does Disordered Eating Impair the Performance of Female Swimmers in 100m and 200m Freestyle Races?

et al. 2017

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RESUMOO objetivo do estudo foi comparar o desempenho (melhor tempo em segundos) nas provas dos 100m e 200m livre de nadadoras em razão dos comportamentos de risco para os transtornos alimentares (CRTA). Participaram 84 nadadoras das categorias infantil, juvenil ou júnior. O Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) foi utilizado para avaliar os CRTA. Utilizou-se o melhor tempo em segundos para determinar o desempenho nas provas de 100m e 200m livre. O percentual de gordura corporal foi estimado a partir da mensuração de dobras cutâneas. Conduziu-se a análise multivariada de covariância (MANCOVA) para comparar o desempenho (tempo em segundos) nas provas de 100m e 200m livre entre nadadoras com (EAT-26≥21) e sem risco (EAT-26<21) para transtornos alimentares. Os achados apontaram diferença de desempenho nas provas dos 100m (F (2, 82) =12,86; p=0,01; d=0,5) e 200m livre (F (2, 82) =11,72; p=0,02; d=0,5) entre os grupos com e sem risco para os transtornos alimentares. Concluiu-se que as nadadoras com maior frequência de uso de CRTA demonstraram menor desempenho nas provas dos 100m e 200m livre. Palavras-chave: Transtornos alimentares. Atletas. Natação. ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to compare the performance (best time in seconds) in 100m and 200m freestyle of swimmers according to disordered eating behaviors (DE). 84 women swimmers in infant, youth or junior classes were participants. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) was used to assess the DE. We used the best time in seconds to determine the performance in 100m and 200m freestyle. The body fat percentage was estimated considering the skinfolds thickness. We utilized multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) to compare the performance (time in seconds) in 100m and 200m freestyle between swimmers with (EAT-26≥21) and without (EAT-26 <21) DE. Findings indicated performance difference in 100m (F (2, 82) =12,86; p=0,01; d=0,5) and 200m freestyle (F (2, 82) =11,72; p=0,02; d=0,5) between groups with and without DE. It was concluded that the young women swimmers with greater DE frequency showed lower performance in 100m and 200m freestyle. Keywords: Eating disorders. Athletes. Swimming. IntroduçãoOs atletas são submetidos a rotinas de treinamento físico em prol da maximização do rendimento em competições 1 . Neste sentido, faz-se necessário monitorar frequentemente o desempenho dos atletas. Embora se espere que o desempenho do atleta melhore linearmente, o resultado em competição pode não atingir a magnitude esperada. Logo, é importante detectar precocemente possíveis fatores determinantes da atenuação do desempenho.Mais especificamente, na natação costuma-se utilizar o nado atado (pico de potência anaeróbia), o OBLA (velocidade referente a concentração de 4 mmol de lactato sanguíneo)

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A systematic review and meta‐synthesis of qualitative research investigating disordered eating and help‐seeking in elite athletes

Fatt,

George,

Hay

et al. 2024

Intl J Eating Disorders

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ObjectiveElite athletes are at elevated risk for disordered eating and eating disorders; however, little is known about risk and maintaining factors, or barriers and facilitators of help‐seeking in this cohort. This systematic review synthesized qualitative findings regarding possible risk and maintaining factors for disordered eating, as well as barriers to and facilitators of help‐seeking in elite athletes.MethodWe conducted a search for qualitative studies that included experiences with body image concerns or disordered eating in elite athletes. A systematic search of CINAHL, PsychINFO, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases identified 828 articles, with 87 retained after title and abstract screening, and 38 included in the review. Quality appraisal was conducted using the checklist for appraising qualitative research (CASP). Data were extracted from each article, including demographic information (e.g., biological sex, age, sport type, level of competition, current, or former athlete) and the text under the “results” or “findings” section. Meta‐themes were identified using inductive thematic meta‐synthesis.ResultsThe extracted data indicated that most studies sampled female athletes from the United States and UK. Eight meta‐themes were identified: (1) the power imbalance; (2) hyperfocus on body, food, and exercise; (3) rigidity; (4) the athlete's balance; (5) the athlete identity; (6) overvaluation and oversimplification; (7) shame, fear, and stigma; and (8) knowledge, education, and self‐identification.DiscussionThese findings highlighted gaps in the demographic representation of specific groups in this research (e.g., males, para‐athletes, and ethnic diversity) and propose hypotheses of how sport pressure might contribute to athletes' experiences with disordered eating.Public SignificanceDisordered eating and body image concerns are prevalent and can have debilitating impacts for elite athletes; however, help‐seeking is rare for this population. It remains unclear what factors contribute to disordered eating and/or inhibit help‐seeking among elite athletes versus the general population. Understanding athletes' perspectives will inform the modification of prevention and treatment strategies to address athlete‐specific factors.

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A socio-sports model of disordered eating among Brazilian male athletes

Cited by 43 publications

References 31 publications

Psychometric Analysis of Disordered Eating in Sports Scale (DES)

Psychometric Analysis of Disordered Eating in Sports Scale (DES)

Does Disordered Eating Impair the Performance of Female Swimmers in 100m and 200m Freestyle Races?

A systematic review and meta‐synthesis of qualitative research investigating disordered eating and help‐seeking in elite athletes

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