Indonesia's population increasing from 238.5 million to 305.6 million from 2010-2035 cause increase of energy supply to meet energy consumption needs and also correlate with global warming. One of them is from the oil and gas sector. The process of it production is divided into upstream process which starts from hydrocarbon extraction to become a ready-to-sell product and downstream process comprise of processing to consumer consumption. The research objective of this paper is to find out the upstream process of oil and gas industry as well as the impact that may be caused. The upstream process of the oil and gas industry begins with land clearing, hydrocarbon drilling / extraction from within the earth, feasibility testing, development and production, distribution, storage and distribution possible to the first consumer. From these activities, the impacts are caused by the decrease of air quality mainly due to the burning of flare gas and tool mobilization, the decrease of water quality, and the deterioration of soil quality.