A structural mechanical model for tendon crimping

Kastelic, J.; Palley, Igor; Baer, E.

doi:10.1016/0021-9290(80)90177-3

Cited by 155 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The unique structural organization of tendon provides characteristics that enable proper functional properties. For example, waviness (or crimp) of fibres along the long axis of tendon is proposed to contribute to the distinct toe region of the nonlinear stress-strain curve observed in tensile testing [1,12]. The crimp pattern is also superposed by a three-dimensional helical superstructure of collagen fibres, detected by polarized light microscopy and interference microscopy with three-dimensional modelling [13,14].…”

Section: Overview Of Tendon Structure and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling approaches for evaluating multiscale tendon mechanics

Fang

Lake

2016

Interface Focus.

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Tendon exhibits anisotropic, inhomogeneous and viscoelastic mechanical properties that are determined by its complicated hierarchical structure and varying amounts/organization of different tissue constituents. Although extensive research has been conducted to use modelling approaches to interpret tendon structure–function relationships in combination with experimental data, many issues remain unclear (i.e. the role of minor components such as decorin, aggrecan and elastin), and the integration of mechanical analysis across different length scales has not been well applied to explore stress or strain transfer from macro- to microscale. This review outlines mathematical and computational models that have been used to understand tendon mechanics at different scales of the hierarchical organization. Model representations at the molecular, fibril and tissue levels are discussed, including formulations that follow phenomenological and microstructural approaches (which include evaluations of crimp, helical structure and the interaction between collagen fibrils and proteoglycans). Multiscale modelling approaches incorporating tendon features are suggested to be an advantageous methodology to understand further the physiological mechanical response of tendon and corresponding adaptation of properties owing to unique in vivo loading environments.

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Section: Overview Of Tendon Structure and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling approaches for evaluating multiscale tendon mechanics

Fang

Lake

2016

Interface Focus.

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“…As the collagen fibrils becomes "uncrimped", tendon stiffness increases contributing to the overall stiffness of the tendon. Studies on both humans and animals have shown that there is a reduction in collagen crimping with increased age from youth to adult (70,71).…”

Section: Kubo Et Al (59) Investigated Tendon Compliance Of Three Difmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Stretch Shortening Cycle Ability in Youth

Sahrom¹,

Cronin²,

Harris³

2013

Strength &Amp; Conditioning Journal

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Extensive research has investigated stretch-shorten cycle (SSC) performance in adults, however to date, only a few studies have investigated SSC ability in youths.Youths undergoing puberty experience many physiological changes, which include changes to neuromuscular and musculotendinous systems. To understand the possible differences in SSC ability, this review will: 1) briefly discuss maturation (biological vs. chronological), 2) discuss the contribution of the active and passive components to SSC ability and how these components may change with maturation; and, 3) review literature that has quantified SSC ability across maturation via comparison of countermovement and squat jump performance.

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“…For the parameter of strain, it is reported that the normal functional strain of tendons is between 3% to 4%. 23 The other structural property studied was stiffness, which is a measurement of the resilience of the specimen under submaximal loading, whereas UTS is the measurement of its maximal failure load. 20,31,33 The mean stiffness of tendons of the LVMAS group was higher than the control group (Figure 3), but the difference was not statistically significant (P = .239).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Low-Voltage Microamperage Stimulation on Tendon Healing in Rats

Chan

Fung²,

Ng³

2007

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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a chilles tendon ruptures are common in athletes and the middle-aged, and there have been increasing reports of Achilles tendon ruptures in recent decades. 25,28 Despite the intrinsic capacity of spontaneous recovery in injured tendons, 26,27 the process often takes a long time and the qualities of the repaired tendons are inferior to those of intact tendons. 16,20,19,31,32 To restore the optimal function of injured tendons it is important to develop therapeutic interventions that facilitate the process of healing. Low-voltage microamperage stimulation (LVMAS), characterized as an electrical stimulation with very low current, is advocated to promote tissue healing. It is theorized that healthy tissue is the result of the direct flow of electrical current throughout the body. 6,40,39 It is the opinion of Becker and Sheldon 7 that when the body is injured, the electrical balance is disrupted in that particular region, causing the electrical current to change course. The use of LVMAS over the injured site is thought to realign this t STuDy DeSign: Randomized controlled prospective experimental study. t ObjeCTiveS: To examine the effects of trans-cutaneous low-voltage microamperage stimulation (LVMAS) on the mechanical strength of Achilles tendon repair in rats at 4 weeks after injury. t baCKgrOunD: Understanding the effect of LVMAS on the healing of injured tendons is hampered by the lack of related experimental studies , especially from the aspect of biomechanical outcome measures. t MeTHODS anD MeaSureS: Fourteen 3-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats received surgical transection to the medial portion of their right Achilles tendon. The rats were divided into a LVMAS group (n = 7) and control group (n = 7). From day 6 postsurgery onwards, the LVMAS group received daily treatment of transcutaneous LVMAS (2.5 V, 100 μA/cm 2 , 10 pulses per second, positive current) for a total of 22 sessions, while the control group received placebo LVMAS by the same investigator during that period. On day 31, the Achilles tendons were harvested for biomechanical testing for load relaxation, stiffness, and ultimate tensile strength along the longitudinal direction. t reSulTS: The normalized Achilles tendon ultimate tensile strength of the LVMAS group (mean 6 SD, 110.5% 6 25.0%) was higher than that of the control group (75.3% 6 20.8%) (P = .014), but no significant difference was found in normalized stiffness and load relaxation between the 2 groups (P = .239 and .350, respectively). t COnCluSiOn: The results of this study suggest that the administration of transcutane-ous LVMAS could improve healing and consequently the tensile strength of partially transected Achilles tendons of rats at 4 weeks after injury.

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A structural mechanical model for tendon crimping

Cited by 155 publications

References 11 publications

Modelling approaches for evaluating multiscale tendon mechanics

Modelling approaches for evaluating multiscale tendon mechanics

Understanding Stretch Shortening Cycle Ability in Youth

Effects of Low-Voltage Microamperage Stimulation on Tendon Healing in Rats

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