A study of factors affecting the voluntary intake of food by cattle

McCullough, Tammy

doi:10.1017/s0003356100026751

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…digestibility of feeds in the present study and the relationship between the two was low, even though seven out of eight forages had D.M. digestibilities lower than 66-7% up to which Conrad, Pratt & Hibbs (1964) suggested this relationship operated in cattle and below 70% DMD at which McCullough (1969) suggested that sheep regulated their energy intake. These results on buffaloes are, however, in agreement with those of Greenhalgh & Runcie (1962), Elliot & Topps (1963), Van Soest (1965 and Murdoch (1967) on cattle and sheep who observed either no or low relationships between intake of feeds and their digestibility.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Some factors affecting voluntary food intake in buffaloes. 1. Effect of feeding long-chopped and ground roughages

Taparia¹,

Sharma²

1980

J. Agric. Sci.

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Three experiments each utilizing four buffalo heifers in 4 x 4 latin square designs were conducted over a period of 84 days to estimate the voluntary consumption of eight long-chopped and four ground roughages. Voluntary intake and rate of passage were determined during the last 10 days and digestibility of feed nutrients during the last 6 days of a 21-day experimental period.The mean daily dry-matter intake (DMI, g/kg W 0 ' 75 ), D.M. digestibility (%) and meai> retention time (h) of long and chopped feeds were 81-, respectively for maize silage, sorghum stover, dry grass, maize stover, berseem hay, wheat straw, pearl-millet stover and cowpea hay. Appreciable differences were observed between feeds in the digestibility of D.M., organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP). No consistent pattern in level of intake and either CP or crude fibre (CF) contents of feeds or their D.M. digestibilities was discernible. The relationship between DMI and D.M. digestibility was low (r = 0-29). Higher DMI of feeds tended to be associated with faster rate of passage excepting maize silage and berseem hay. The relationship between D.M. digestibility and mean retention time was low (r = 0-46) and between total digestible nutrient intake and body weight was high (r = 0-79).The mean daily DMI (g/kg W°"' 5 ), D.M. digestibility (%) and mean retention time (h) of ground roughages were 68-7, 51-3, 58-0; 62-9, 38-4, 60-0; 62-4, 40-1, 63-0; 53-1, 66-6, 72-0, respectively for ground maize stover, wheat straw, dry grass and berseem hay. Ground roughages appeared to be utilized less efficiently by buffaloes than longchopped roughages. INTRODUCTIONclimatic conditions, various types of roughages such as straws, stovers, dry grass, hays and silages Two sets of factors affecting feed intake in farm in long-chopped form are used in rations of farm animals have been identified during the last two animals in India. Grinding of roughages is not decades. The first set of factors relate to the rate of common but pelleting of roughages to form disappearance of digesta from the reticulo-rumen, roughage-based diets necessitates grinding of often classified as physical factors, and are reviewed roughages. Concluding the results of several experiby ), Blaxter (1962), ments, Minson (1963 and Moore (1964) stated that Warner (1963), Van Soest (1965, Campling (1966a) advantage in intake due to grinding and pelleting and Conrad (1966). The second set of factors are depends upon the quality of the roughages. Intake primarily physiological and are reviewed by Balch of poor quality roughages increased owing ), Conrad (1966) and Jones(1972. grinding, whilst that of good quality roughages The voluntary intake of sole roughage diets of low remained unaffected. The work relating to factors nutritive value presumably depends upon the affecting voluntary intake of food noted above was rumen load, and the rate at which this load is carried out on cattle and sheep and little has been reduced is determined by the rate of passage of attempted on buffaloes. The contributio...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Some factors affecting voluntary food intake in buffaloes. 1. Effect of feeding long-chopped and ground roughages

Taparia¹,

Sharma²

1980

J. Agric. Sci.

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“…In another study, Slabbert and colleagues (1992b) fed cattle with 30%, 55%, and 80% concentrate and found that ADG increased as concentrate level increased. One reason given for the observed increase in ADG among cattle receiving an increasing level of concentrate is that these cattle had an increased level of propionate and a decreased level of acetate in their rumen (Slabbert et al, 1992a, McCullough, 1969 Since this study examines the cultural energy expended and deposited during feedlot feeding in order to avoid bias, energy deposited in cattle before feeding in feedlot had to be calculated. This was explaned the in Materials and Methods section and was referred to as weaning carcass energy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Concentrate Level on Sustainability of Beef Cattle Production

Köknaroğlu

2008

Journal of Sustainable Agriculture

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The purpose of this study was to conduct a cultural energy analyses of beef cattle receiving different levels of concentrate. Data were obtained via questionnaire from 100 beef cattle farms selected by a stratified, random sampling method. Beef cattle farms were divided into three groups according to concentrate level and were analyzed. Accordingly concentrate levels were assigned as low (< 55% 35 farms), intermediate (55% to 65%, 34 farms) and high (> 65%, 31 farms). Cultural energy used for feed for treatments was derived from their corresponding lot feed consumption and their corresponding values from the literature. Transportation energy was also included in the analysis. Since the objective of the study was to evaluate cultural energy analysis of the feeding systems, energy that the calves had deposited in their muscle and fat tissue when they were bought was deducted from carcass energy. Total cultural energy expended was highest for cattle receiving a low level of concentrate (p < 0.05). Feed energy constituted more than half of the total cultural energy and was highest for cattle receiving a low level of concentrate (p < 0.05). Energy expended per kg live weight did not differ among groups by concentrate level (p > 0.05). Cultural energy per Mcal protein energy was highest for cattle receiving a low level of concentrate and was lowest for cattle receiving an intermediate level of concentrate (p < 0.05). Cultural energy for cattle receiving a high level of concentrate was intermediate and thus did not differ significantly from the other groups (p > 0.05). Efficiency, defined as Hayati Koknaroglu is affiliated with the Mcal input/Mcal output, was better for cattle receiving an intermediate level of concentrate and was worse for cattle receiving a low level of concentrate (p < 0.05). Efficiency for cattle receiving a high level of concentrate was intermediate and thus did not differ significently from the other groups (p > 0.05). Results showed that efficiency does not linearly increase as concentrate level increases; thus, in order to be more sustainable, a strategy of decreasing concentrate level without interfering with cattle performance should be considered.

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“…A . MCCULLOTJGH various concentrate supplemented diets used by McCullough (1969) with stage of growth even though Blaxter, Clapperton & Wainman (1966) showed that there was no systematic trend with age of animal in the apparent digestibility when feeding at different levels of intake. Furthermore, Blaxter & Wilson (1963) in a study of sheep given a series of roughage diets with the addition of increasing proportions of concentrate showed that the quality of roughage affects the total drymatter intake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the effect of supplementing a concentrate diet with roughages of different quality on the performance of Friesian steers. I. Voluntary food intake and food utilization

McCullough¹

1970

J. Agric. Sci.

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Concentrate diets supplemented with 5, 20 and 40 % of a high-and a low-quality hay were given ad libitum to British Friesian steers from 9 weeks of age to slaughter.The intake of dry matter and metabolizable energy was studied over weight ranges from 91 to 363 kg live weight. The quality of hay did not significantly affect the drymatter intake at any of the weight ranges studied. From 91 to 182 kg live weight the daily dry-matter intake decreased as the proportion of hay in the diet increased. Over the weight range from 182 to 272 kg live weight, intake was maximum at the 20 % level of hay supplementation, while from 272 to 363 kg live weight, intake increased with increasing levels of hay in the diet. The supplementation of high-quality hay significantly increased the intake of metabolizable energy by animals weighing 91-182 kg. Increasing proportions of hay in the diet significantly affected the metabolizable energy intake at all stages of growth studied.At 18 and 36 weeks of age digestibility and N balance studies were carried out. The metabolizable energy expressed as a percentage of the gross energy and the mean retention time of the diets were significantly affected by the age of animal, quality of the hay and the level of hay supplementation. Nitrogen retention was also affected by the age of the animal but not by the quality of the hay.The relationships between the voluntary intake of dry matter and the metabolizable energy of the diet expressed as a percentage of the gross energy, for different stages of growth, are also presented.The change in the digestibility and the mean time of retention of the diets in the digestive tract with age and the effect of this on the point where physical regulation to intake gives way to physiological regulation are discussed.

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A study of factors affecting the voluntary intake of food by cattle

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Some factors affecting voluntary food intake in buffaloes. 1. Effect of feeding long-chopped and ground roughages

Some factors affecting voluntary food intake in buffaloes. 1. Effect of feeding long-chopped and ground roughages

Effect of Concentrate Level on Sustainability of Beef Cattle Production

A study of the effect of supplementing a concentrate diet with roughages of different quality on the performance of Friesian steers. I. Voluntary food intake and food utilization

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