A Study of Spatial Features of Clones in a Population of Bracken Fern, Pteridium aquilinum (Dennstaedtiaceae)

Parks, James C.; Werth, Charles R.

doi:10.2307/2445369

Cited by 177 publications

(88 citation statements)

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“…All typed samples of one distinct genotype in each plot were treated as a clone. No clone occurred in more than one plot and the likelihood that ramets were erroneously assigned to the same genet because they exhibited the same nine-locus genotype by chance was very small (all P gen 50.001) (Parks and Werth, 1993). We detected weak linkage disequillibrium between some loci which were however different between sampling locations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Genetic neighbourhood of clone structures in eelgrass meadows quantified by spatial autocorrelation of microsatellite markers

Hämmerli

Reusch

2003

Heredity

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Limited dispersal distances in plant populations frequently cause local genetic structure, which can be quantified by spatial autocorrelation. In clonal plants, three levels of spatial organization can contribute to positive autocorrelation; namely, the neighbourhood of (a) ramets, (b) clone fragments and (c) entire clones. Here we use data from an exhaustive sampling scheme on a clonal plant to measure the contribution of the neighbourhoods of each distinct clonal structure to total spatial autocorrelation. Four plots (256 grid points each) within dense meadows of the marine clonal plant Zostera marina (eelgrass) were sampled for clone structure with nine microsatellite markers (E80 alleles). We found significant coancestry (f ij ), at all three levels of spatial organization, even when not allowing for joins between samples of identical genets. In addition, absolute values of f ij and the maximum distance with significant positive f ij decreased with the progressive exclusion of joins between alike genotypes. The neighbourhood of this clonal plant thus consists of three levels of organization, which are reflected in different kinship structures. Each of these kinship structures may affect the level of biparental inbreeding and the physical distance between flowering shoots and their outcrossing neighbourhood. These results also emphasize the notion that spatial autocorrelation crucially depends on the scale and intensity of sampling.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Genetic neighbourhood of clone structures in eelgrass meadows quantified by spatial autocorrelation of microsatellite markers

Hämmerli

Reusch

2003

Heredity

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“…where p l and q l are the frequencies of the two alleles in each genotype at the lth locus and h is the number of loci that are heterozygous (Parks and Werth 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral distribution, clonal structure, and their effects on pollination success in a self-incompatible Convallaria keiskei population in northern Japan

2006

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In plant species, when clonal growth produces a patchy structure and flowering ramets are clustered, the amount of pollen contributing to reproductive success is often regulated by pollinator efficiency and geitonogamy. The spatial population structure may influence reproductive success. We examined the clonal structure, the spatial ramet distribution, and their combined effects on fruit set in a natural population of the insect-pollinated, self-incompatible clonal herb, Convallaria keiskei, in northern Japan. The number of shoots, flowers, and fruits in 1-m 2 quadrats were counted at every 5 m grid point in an established 100 × 90-m study plot. From all the quadrats where shoots existed, leaf samples were collected for allozyme analysis. Using the two spatial parameters of flowering ramet densities and genotypes, we then constructed individual-based fruit-set models. A total of 236 quadrats contained shoots, and 135 contained flowering ramets, which indicated expanded distribution of this plant throughout the study plot, while shoots, flowers and fruits all showed clustering 3 distributions. Allozyme analysis of 282 samples revealed 94 multilocus genotypes. The largest clone extended to more than 40 m, whereas 56 genotypes were detected in only one sample. Several large clones and many small clones were distributed close to each other.Fine-scale spatial modelling revealed that the neighbouring flower numbers of different genotypes, compared with local genet or flower diversity, more influenced fruit set, in which the range of the neighbour was 14.5 m. These findings indicate that the compatible pollen dispersed by insect pollinators has a significant effect on sexual reproduction, in this C. keiskei population. Consequently, the spatial structure, which includes both genet distribution and clonal expansion by ramets, had a significant effect on pollination success.

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“…Because the haploid gametophyte has only one set of genes, the expected frequency of a MLG can simply be calculated by multiplying the population frequencies of the genotype's alleles. Theoretically, this may lead to overestimation of the frequencies of rare alleles that would discern among different genotypes (Parks & Werth, 1993) and underestimation of the frequencies of alleles encountered in MLGs which are likely to occur repeatedly by chance. The genet level allele frequencies from each of the four populations were used in these calculations, because few genotypes were encountered outside a single patch.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation in the clonal bryophyte Hylocomium splendens at hierarchical geographical scales in Scandinavia

1997

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The widespread bryophyte Hylocomium splendens was sampled in a hierarchical fashion from populations representing four Scandinavian vegetation zones. Allozyme electrophoresis revealed variation at 11 out of 13 screened loci, allowing accurate identification of genotypes. From a total sample of 298 shoots 79 genotypes could be detected, giving the proportion of distinguishable genotypes (PD) of 0.265. The total allelic diversity (HT) based on polymorphic loci was 0.274. The relative differentiation among populations was low (GST= 0.073), indicating a high level of gene flow. Differences in population structuring occurred between a subarcticalpine site vs. three lowland sites. The subarctic-alpine population had one widespread clone, which appeared to be propagated by dispersal of vegetative fragments. That population also comprised many rare genotypes, often occurring together within 10 x 10 cm patches. The lowland populations had genotypes that were locally common and often dominant within the patches. When identical genotypes were observed in multiple patches within these populations, it was usually statistically highly probable that they had arisen by independent sexual recombinations.

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A Study of Spatial Features of Clones in a Population of Bracken Fern, Pteridium aquilinum (Dennstaedtiaceae)

Cited by 177 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic neighbourhood of clone structures in eelgrass meadows quantified by spatial autocorrelation of microsatellite markers

Genetic neighbourhood of clone structures in eelgrass meadows quantified by spatial autocorrelation of microsatellite markers

Floral distribution, clonal structure, and their effects on pollination success in a self-incompatible Convallaria keiskei population in northern Japan

Genetic variation in the clonal bryophyte Hylocomium splendens at hierarchical geographical scales in Scandinavia

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