A study of strengthening mechanisms in tempered martensite from a medium carbon steel

Malik, L.; Lund, J. A.

doi:10.1007/bf02643024

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…low atomic mobility [18,23]. Malik and Lund [23] for a similar medium carbon steel presented the difference in carbide spacing, increasing from 610Å at 250 1C to 1010Å at 550 1C after 1 h of tempering. Mean distance between carbides principally determines their hardness contribution to the material [23,24].…”

Section: Martensite Temperingmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Malik and Lund [23] for a similar medium carbon steel presented the difference in carbide spacing, increasing from 610Å at 250 1C to 1010Å at 550 1C after 1 h of tempering. Mean distance between carbides principally determines their hardness contribution to the material [23,24]. The carbide coarsening rate is probably very low compared to the initial rapid softening during tempering.…”

Section: Martensite Temperingmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…substitution elements are anticipated to have small impact on the final hardness due to limited diffusion time, i.e. low atomic mobility [18,23]. Malik and Lund [23] for a similar medium carbon steel presented the difference in carbide spacing, increasing from 610Å at 250 1C to 1010Å at 550 1C after 1 h of tempering.…”

Section: Martensite Temperingmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Influence of short heat pulses on properties of martensite in medium carbon steels

Cvetkovski

Ahlström

Karlsson

2013

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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Section: Martensite Temperingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Martensite Temperingmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of short heat pulses on properties of martensite in medium carbon steels

Cvetkovski

Ahlström

Karlsson

2013

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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“…A displacive transformation produces dislocated substructures with an additional strength that depends on transformation temperature (Bhadeshia, 2001) or tempering temperature (Malik and Lund, 1972) (Fig. 3b).…”

Section: Transformation Dislocation Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of microstructure on the impact toughness of high strength steels

Gutiérrez¹

2014

REVMETAL

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ABSTRACT:One of the major challenges in the development of new steel grades is to get increasingly high strength combined with a low ductile brittle transition temperature and a high upper shelf energy. This requires the appropriate microstructural design. Toughness in steels is controlled by different microstructural constituents. Some of them, like inclusions, are intrinsic while others happening at different microstructural scales relate to processing conditions. A series of empirical equations express the transition temperature as a sum of contributions from substitutional solutes, free nitrogen, carbides, pearlite, grain size and eventually precipitation strengthening. Aimed at developing a methodology that could be applied to high strength steels, microstructures with a selected degree of complexity were produced at laboratory in a Nb-microalloyed steel. As a result a model has been developed that consistently predicts the Charpy curves for ferrite-pearlite, bainitic and quenched and tempered microstructures using as input data microstructural parameters. This model becomes a good tool for microstructural design. RESUMEN: Efecto de la microestructura en la tenacidad al impacto en aceros de elevada resistencia mecánica.El desarrollo de nuevos grados de acero se tropieza con frecuencia con la necesidad de incrementar la resistencia mecánica al mismo tiempo que se reduce la temperatura de transición dúctil-frágil y se eleva la energía del palier dúctil. Hacer frente a este reto requiere un diseño microestructural. La tenacidad en aceros está controlada por diferentes constituyentes microestructurales. Algunos de ellos, como las inclusiones son intrínsecos, pero otros que se manifiestan a diferentes escalas microestructurales dependen de las condiciones de proceso. Existen algunas ecuaciones empíricas que permiten calcular para ferrita-perlita en aceros de bajo carbono la temperatura de transición como suma de contribuciones de elementos en solución sólida, nitrógeno libre, carburos, fracción de perlita, tamaño de grano y, eventualmente precipitación. Con el objeto de desarrollar una formulación aplicable en aceros de alta resistencia mecánica, se han producido en laboratorio microestructuras con un grado de complejidad controlado. Como resultado de este estudio, se ha desarrollado un modelo que reproduce, partiendo de datos microestructurales, las curvas Charpy de un acero microaleado con microestructuras de ferrita-perlita, bainita y de temple y revenido. Este modelo es una herramienta útil para el diseño microestructural.

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“…Die Gesamtversetzungsdichte ist z. B. nach einer Anlafibehandlung bei TA = 450 "C mit -cm-2 [9] noch erheblich grol3er als im normalisierten. Wahrend der schwingenden Beanspruchung werden die Versetzungen von den sie verankernden FeF-Karbiden Iosgerissen, und es finden an Stellen lokaler Spannungskonzentrationen Annihiliationsprozesse statt.…”

Section: Spannungsamplitude In N/mm2unclassified

Inhomogene Verformungserscheinungen bei Schwingbeanspruchung des Vergütungsstahls 42 CrMo 4

Eifler

Macherauch

1982

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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lnhomogeneous Deformation Processes During Cyclic Loading of Quenched and Tempered Steel SAE 4140The cyclic deformation behavior of a normalized steel SAE 4140 in the loading range aa < Rcs is characterized by softening and hardening phcnomena. Cyclic softening processes are combined with inhomogeneous plastic deformations and the propagation of a fatigue Liidersband. The following hardening process occurs homogeneously.At stress amplitudes ua < q0 the quenched and tempered SAE 4140 worksoftens continuously until crack initiation. Plastic deformation processes are extremely inhomogeneous and are concentrated on small fatigue zones. The inhomogeneity increases with decreasing tempering temperatures und stress amplitudes.

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A study of strengthening mechanisms in tempered martensite from a medium carbon steel

Cited by 36 publications

References 6 publications

Influence of short heat pulses on properties of martensite in medium carbon steels

Influence of short heat pulses on properties of martensite in medium carbon steels

Effect of microstructure on the impact toughness of high strength steels

Inhomogene Verformungserscheinungen bei Schwingbeanspruchung des Vergütungsstahls 42 CrMo 4

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