A study of the association of prenatal and paranatal factors with the development of tics in children

Pasamanick, Benjamin; Kawi, Ali A.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(56)80095-4

Cited by 79 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The first study in the area was a controlled study 78 embracing a large sample size and the use of obstetric hospital records, which demonstrated that the mothers of children with tics were 1.5 times as likely to have experienced a complication during pregnancy than the mothers of children who did not have tics. Two studies showed that among monozygotic twins discordant for TS, the twins with TS always had lower birthweights than their unaffected twins.…”

Section: Aetiological Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical effectiveness and patient perspectives of different treatment strategies for tics in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: a systematic review and qualitative analysis

Hollis

Pennant

Cuenca

et al. 2016

Health Technol Assess

135

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundTourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by chronic motor and vocal tics affecting up to 1% of school-age children and young people and is associated with significant distress and psychosocial impairment.ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of the benefits and risks of pharmacological, behavioural and physical interventions for tics in children and young people with TS (part 1) and to explore the experience of treatment and services from the perspective of young people with TS and their parents (part 2).Data SourcesFor the systematic reviews (parts 1 and 2), mainstream bibliographic databases, The Cochrane Library, education, social care and grey literature databases were searched using subject headings and text words for tic* and Tourette* from database inception to January 2013.Review/research methodsFor part 1, randomised controlled trials and controlled before-and-after studies of pharmacological, behavioural or physical interventions in children or young people (aged < 18 years) with TS or chronic tic disorder were included. Mixed studies and studies in adults were considered as supporting evidence. Risk of bias associated with each study was evaluated using the Cochrane tool. When there was sufficient data, random-effects meta-analysis was used to synthesize the evidence and the quality of evidence for each outcome was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. For part 2, qualitative studies and survey literature conducted in populations of children/young people with TS or their carers or in health professionals with experience of treating TS were included in the qualitative review. Results were synthesized narratively. In addition, a national parent/carer survey was conducted via the Tourettes Action website. Participants included parents of children and young people with TS aged under 18 years. Participants (young people with TS aged 10–17 years) for the in-depth interviews were recruited via a national survey and specialist Tourettes clinics in the UK.ResultsFor part 1, 70 studies were included in the quantitative systematic review. The evidence suggested that for treating tics in children and young people with TS, antipsychotic drugs [standardised mean difference (SMD) –0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) –1.08 to –0.41;n = 75] and noradrenergic agents [clonidine (Dixarit®, Boehringer Ingelheim) and guanfacine: SMD –0.72, 95% CI –1.03 to –0.40;n = 164] are effective in the short term. There was little difference among antipsychotics in terms of benefits, but adverse effect profiles do differ. Habit reversal training (HRT)/comprehensive behavioural intervention for tics (CBIT) was also shown to be effective (SMD –0.64, 95% CI –0.99 to –0.29;n = 133). For part 2, 295 parents/carers of children and young people with TS contributed useable survey data. Forty young people with TS participated in in-depth interviews. Four studies were in the qualitative review. Key themes were difficulties in accessing specialist care and behavioural interventions, delay in diagnosis, importance of anxiety and emotional symptoms, lack of provision of information to schools and inadequate information regarding medication and adverse effects.LimitationsThe number and quality of clinical trials is low and this downgrades the strength of the evidence and conclusions.ConclusionsAntipsychotics, noradrenergic agents and HRT/CBIT are effective in reducing tics in children and young people with TS. The balance of benefits and harms favours the most commonly used medications: risperidone (Risperdal®, Janssen), clonidine and aripiprazole (Abilify®, Otsuka). Larger and better-conducted trials addressing important clinical uncertainties are required. Further research is needed into widening access to behavioural interventions through use of technology including mobile applications (‘apps’) and video consultation.Study registrationThis study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42012002059.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.

show abstract

Section: Aetiological Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical effectiveness and patient perspectives of different treatment strategies for tics in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: a systematic review and qualitative analysis

Hollis

Pennant

Cuenca

et al. 2016

Health Technol Assess

135

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Children born premature are at risk for a widerange of pathology, including autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) (4) and schizophrenia (5). Evidence for other neurodevel opmental disorders, including attention deficit hyperactiv ity disorder (ADHD) (6,7), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) (8), and tic disorders (TDs) (6), is documented but less clear (9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Understanding the neurobiological mech anisms underlying the risk associated with prematurity may better clarify the process and potentially offer means to moderate risk among multiple neuropsychiatric disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal testosterone may be an important mediator of the association between prematurity and male neurodevelopmental disorders: a hypothesis

Rice

2017

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Children born premature are at risk for neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism and schizophrenia. This piece advances the hypothesis that altered androgen exposure observed in premature infants is an important mediator of the neurodevelopmental risk in males associated with prematurity. Specifically, the alterations of normative physiologic postnatal activations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis that occur in preterm males are hypothesized to contribute to the risk of neuropsychiatric pathology of prematurity through altered androgen-mediated organizational effects on the developing brain. The physiology of testosterone and male central nervous system development in full-term births is reviewed and compared to the developmental processes of prematurity. The effects of the altered testosterone physiology observed within prematurity outside of the central nervous system are reviewed as a segue into a discussion of the effects within the nervous system, with a special focus on autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The explanatory power of this model is reviewed as a supplement to the preexisting models of prematurity and neurodevelopmental risk, including infection and other perinatal central nervous system insults. The emphasis is placed on altered androgen exposure as serving as just one among many mediators of neurodevelopmental risk that may be of interest for further research and evidence-based investigation. Implications for diagnosis, management and preventative treatments conclude the piece.

show abstract

“…2 Specifically, perinatal adverse events have been found in most studies to be associated with tic disorders, although results have been somewhat inconsistent. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] In general, perinatal adversities have been found to both form a risk factor for tic disorders as such and be associated with increased tic severity. An early study 3 demonstrated that the mothers of children with tics (N ϭ 51, all aged 14 years or younger) showed significantly more pregnancy and delivery complications than the mothers of healthy children (N ϭ 51); a later study, 4 which involved seven pairs of monozygotic twins, reported that the cotwins with Tourette disorder (TD) had lower birth weights than the unaffected cotwins.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] In general, perinatal adversities have been found to both form a risk factor for tic disorders as such and be associated with increased tic severity. An early study 3 demonstrated that the mothers of children with tics (N ϭ 51, all aged 14 years or younger) showed significantly more pregnancy and delivery complications than the mothers of healthy children (N ϭ 51); a later study, 4 which involved seven pairs of monozygotic twins, reported that the cotwins with Tourette disorder (TD) had lower birth weights than the unaffected cotwins. Another study, 5 comparing 92 TD patients with 460 healthy controls (age range 5-31 years), however, did not find a relationship between the presence of TD and prenatal complications, gestational age, birth weight, and Apgar scores.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Perinatal Adversities on Tic Severity and Symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents With a Tic Disorder

Bos-Veneman

Kuin²,

Minderaa³

et al. 2010

Journal of Developmental &Amp; Behavioral Pediatrics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

A study of the association of prenatal and paranatal factors with the development of tics in children

Cited by 79 publications

References 7 publications

Clinical effectiveness and patient perspectives of different treatment strategies for tics in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: a systematic review and qualitative analysis

Clinical effectiveness and patient perspectives of different treatment strategies for tics in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: a systematic review and qualitative analysis

Postnatal testosterone may be an important mediator of the association between prematurity and male neurodevelopmental disorders: a hypothesis

Role of Perinatal Adversities on Tic Severity and Symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents With a Tic Disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About