A Study of the Density of Carbon

Howard, H. C.; Hulett, G. A.

doi:10.1021/j150244a007

Cited by 44 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Washburn and Bunting (19) showed that the size of capillary which a liquid can enter depends upon the contact angle, the surface tension, and the applied pressure; and it has been calculated that, in the case of a solid which is not wet by mercury, the smallest pore which mercury will penetrate a t room temperature and one atmosphere is about 6 / . The values for the commercial activated carbon are in reasonable agreement with older values for coconut char (9). Hence, density measurements using helium and mercury as filling fluids permit calculation of the volume of pores lying between 6p and those of molecular dimensions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…One group of workers (2, 9,12) has ascribed the observed variations in the case of active carbons to different degrees of penetration of the pore structure by the various filling fluids, another (1,6, 7 , 21), to different degrees of compression of the fluids by adsorption a t the solid-liquid interfaces. Evacuation before admission of the liquid, or boiling of the liquid, assists in displacement of gases; but with such fine structures as are found in activated carbons, for example, densities with different liquids varying as much as 15 per cent have been reported ( 2 , 7 ) , even after good evacuation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One group of workers (2, 9,12) has ascribed the observed variations in the case of active carbons to different degrees of penetration of the pore structure by the various filling fluids, another (1,6, 7 , 21), to different degrees of compression of the fluids by adsorption a t the solid-liquid interfaces. Helium gas has been used as the filling fluid in density determinations of ceramic bodies (20), various forms of carbon (9), coal (15), cotton (Q), and wood (16). A recent study (3) of the densities of active carbon and of silica gel emphasized the importance of wetting in determining the densities observed in different liquids.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Density and Porosity of Carbonaceous Materials

Smith¹,

Howard²

1942

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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EXPERIMENT 2. The column used in experiment 1 was filled in the same manner with activated carbon and sulfite waste liquor. After aerating for 10 minutes, waste liquor was added at the rate of 250 cc. per minute at the top of the column, and the aerated liquor was drained at the base of the column at the same rate. In this way the process became continuous.In both experiments 1 and 2 the carbon particles were first thoroughly washed with a large volume of waste liquor to ensure their being free from adsorbed oxygen. It was found that carbon particles of 6-8 mesh size were best suited for this process. Smaller particles tended to pack in the column and larger particles were not so efficient.The activity of the carbon did not decrease with time, and the carbon showed the same catalytic power even after use for a period of 5 weeks. AcknowledgmentThe sulfite waste liquor used in these experiments was of hemlock origin and was kindly furnished by the Puget Sound Pulp and Timber Company of Bellingham, Wash. Literature Cited(1) Am.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One group of workers (2, 9,12) has ascribed the observed variations in the case of active carbons to different degrees of penetration of the pore structure by the various filling fluids, another (1,6, 7 , 21), to different degrees of compression of the fluids by adsorption a t the solid-liquid interfaces. Helium gas has been used as the filling fluid in density determinations of ceramic bodies (20), various forms of carbon (9), coal (15), cotton (Q), and wood (16). A recent study (3) of the densities of active carbon and of silica gel emphasized the importance of wetting in determining the densities observed in different liquids.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Density and Porosity of Carbonaceous Materials

Smith¹,

Howard²

1942

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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“…The mass density of CNCs is considered to be constant at 2260 kg/m 3 , which is the same as that of graphite [36]. From Eqs.…”

Section: Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromechanical vibration of carbon nanocoils

Deng

Pan

et al. 2015

Carbon

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“…The medium (auxiliary) to be used for the measurement of the volume may be a liquid or a gas. In 1924 Howard and Hulett 10) introduced helium as a medium.…”

Section: Sununarymentioning

confidence: 99%