“…Some kind of information about the network topology is usually needed. A great number of proposals have been presented in the context of WSANs (Akkaya and Younis, 2005;Subramanian, 2004;Al-Karaki and Kamal, 2004;Khan and Javed, 2008). In this paper, the main proposals are highlighted emphasizing the ones that deal with QoS issues.…”
“…Some kind of information about the network topology is usually needed. A great number of proposals have been presented in the context of WSANs (Akkaya and Younis, 2005;Subramanian, 2004;Al-Karaki and Kamal, 2004;Khan and Javed, 2008). In this paper, the main proposals are highlighted emphasizing the ones that deal with QoS issues.…”
“…In this routing technique, the nodes are divided into rectangular clusters, the nodes in each rectangle or clusters form chain with Cluster Head (CH) [7]. This CH collects data from all nodes and send it to BS.…”
“…As its name suggests, it selects some data aggregators on the basis of some position information criteria [7]. The nodes are divided into geographical clusters.…”
A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a collection of tiny nodes that have low energy levels and have become an essential component of the modern communication infrastructure and very important in industry and academia. Energy is crucial in WSN, and thus the design of WSN in the research community is based on energy efficiency, and node energy consumption is a great challenge to enhance WSN's lifetime. It may be costly or even impossible to charge or replace consumed batteries because of the difficult environment. Many energy efficient algorithms have been discussed in this paper with their strengths and weeknesses so as to explore the future directions of research.
“…The time of the delivery is important for the routing scheme, especially if the influenced message contains mission-critical routing information. Such an attack has a severe impact on routing protocols since the colluding nodes use a different communication channel to route packets (Khan and Javed, 2008). For instance, a wormhole is created between the BS and a node at the opposite side of the network, thus instead of multiple hops the node appears to be only a single hop from the BS.…”
Section: Analyses Of Common Attacks On Wsnsmentioning
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