A “Theory of relativity” for cognitive elasticity of time and modality dimensions supporting constant working memory capacity: Involvement of harmonics among ultradian clocks?

Glassman, Robert B.

doi:10.1016/s0278-5846(99)00096-2

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This commonality is best summarized in a review by Glassman [2000] and in data reported by Glassman et al [1994Glassman et al [ , 1998 and O'Connor and Glassman [1993]. The most direct evidence, however, was reported by Maguire et al [1998], who linked both PET and MRI scan data to performance of human beings on real time spatial navigational tasks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radial arm maze performance of rats following repeated low level microwave radiation exposure

Cobb¹,

Jauchem²,

Adair³

2003

Bioelectromagnetics

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We examined the possibility of changes in "working" memory of rats following whole body exposure to microwave (MW) radiation. During each of 10 days, we exposed rats within circularly polarized waveguides for 45 min to 2450 MHz fields at whole body SARs of 0.6 W/kg (2 micros pulses, 500 pps), followed by testing in a 12 arm, radial arm maze (RAM). Rats received a preexposure injection of one of three psychoactive compounds or saline, to determine whether a compound would interact with MW exposure to affect performance in the maze. Error rate, i.e., reentry into arms already visited, and time to criterion data for 10 consecutive days of testing were analyzed by a three way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using main effects of "exposure" and "drug" and a repeated factor of "test day." Our alpha limit for significance was P <.05. Analyzes of error rates revealed no significant exposure effect, no significant drug effect and no significant interaction between the two main factors. There was a significant difference in test days, as expected, with repeated test-trial days, which indicates that learning was accomplished. There was no significant interaction of test day and the other two factors. The results of our analyzes of time to criterion data included no significant exposure effect, a significant drug effect, a significant test day effect, and a significant interaction between drug and test day factors. Post hoc analyzes of the drug factor revealed that rats treated with either physostigmine or nalrexone hydrochloride, took significantly longer to complete the maze task than rats pretreated with saline or with naloxone methodide. We conclude that there is no evidence from the current study that exposure to of MW radiation under parameters examined caused decrements in the ability of rats to learn the spatial memory task.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radial arm maze performance of rats following repeated low level microwave radiation exposure

Cobb¹,

Jauchem²,

Adair³

2003

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…We can bear in mind only a few simple, independent items at one time. And yet we sometimes manage with this marvelous and limited cognitive capacity to lead meaningful lives spanning broad reaches of space and time (Glassman 1999a, b;2000a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We are knowledge-rich, embodied "reflections" of a potential that exists in the universe, "read out" by natural selection (Glassman 1977), a process whose long duration challenges the horizons of human intuition and ability to analyze. It would not be a bad thing for contemporary scientists to accept, on a literary level, the early Enlightenment idea that science is revelatory, a thought offered famously by Alexander Pope ([1730/1882] 1967 …”

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confidence: 99%

“Miles within Millimeters” and Other Awe–Inspiring Facts about Our “Mortarboard” Human Cortex

Glassman

2002

Zygon

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Consideration of the amazing organized intricacy of human cortical anatomy entails a deeper appreciation of nature that is fully consistent with a mature religious spirit. A brain seems at first glance to be a mere lump of grayish claylike stuff, but facts of basic neuroanatomy compel us to consider that this particular kind of stuff may really contain all the richly tangible and richly ghostly inner essences of emotion, thought, and behavior. Humans are the “college graduates” of evolution. The human cortex is 3,400 times the volume of, yet only slightly thicker (about 3 millimeters) than, that of the mouse. This remarkable sheet is as thin as a graduation‐day “mortarboard” cap, but its 2,600 square centimeter area is four times as large (about 20 × 20 inches if a square; both metric and English units used deliberately). Zooming in, there are about 50 billion cortical neurons; though named after “pyramids,” they are more like tiny “magic trees,” with branches and roots so long and fine that there are 1 or 2 miles of these electrically scintillating fibers within each cubic millimeter of cortex. Cortical neurons communicate intimately: viewed from above, beneath a single square millimeter 100,000 nerve cells intertwine; each such neuron makes 5,000 or more connections with others. These and many additional amazing facts about brain tissue, together with some conjectures about dense connectedness in the mathematics of graph theory, help to bear out the groundwork prepared by such pioneers as Ralph Wendell Burhoe that the spirit and knowledge of science might rejoin that of religion. If it takes enchanted matter to contain consciousness, this is a kind of enchantment that science may well be able to penetrate for eventual thoroughgoing understanding. Inevitable by‐products will be greater reverence for nature and greater awe at the mystery of nature's origin.

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“…WM refers to the ability to retain information ‘on line’ in order to facilitate an ongoing task [36,37]. It forms a substrate for complex cognitive functions including planning, problem solving, decision making and reasoning [38–40]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aristotle Meets Zeno: Psychophysiological Evidence

et al. 2016

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This study, a tribute to Aristotle's 2400 years, used a juxtaposition of valid Aristotelian arguments to the paradoxes formulated by Zeno the Eleatic, in order to investigate the electrophysiological correlates of attentional and /or memory processing effects in the course of deductive reasoning. Participants undertook reasoning tasks based on visually presented arguments which were either (a) valid (Aristotelian) statements or (b) paradoxes. We compared brain activation patterns while participants maintained the premises / conclusions of either the valid statements or the paradoxes in working memory (WM). Event-related brain potentials (ERPs), specifically the P300 component of ERPs, were recorded during the WM phase, during which participants were required to draw a logical conclusion regarding the correctness of the valid syllogisms or the paradoxes. During the processing of paradoxes, results demonstrated a more positive event-related potential deflection (P300) across frontal regions, whereas processing of valid statements was associated with noticeable P300 amplitudes across parieto-occipital regions. These findings suggest that paradoxes mobilize frontal attention mechanisms, while valid deduction promotes parieto-occipital activity associated with attention and/or subsequent memory processing.

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A “Theory of relativity” for cognitive elasticity of time and modality dimensions supporting constant working memory capacity: Involvement of harmonics among ultradian clocks?

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

Radial arm maze performance of rats following repeated low level microwave radiation exposure

Radial arm maze performance of rats following repeated low level microwave radiation exposure

“Miles within Millimeters” and Other Awe–Inspiring Facts about Our “Mortarboard” Human Cortex

Aristotle Meets Zeno: Psychophysiological Evidence

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