A unified theory of penetration

Dehn, James

doi:10.1016/0734-743x(87)90041-8

Cited by 48 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…1a). The aluminum plate thickness was chosen to allow tests at the shatter gap threshold for the projectile/alloy combination [26], while the Dyneema ® wrapping strategy was used to avoid grip region laminate failure modes. Impact velocity dependent fragmentation of the projectile within the aluminum plate allowed the cross sectional area of the debris exiting the aluminum plate (and therefore loading the inside of the rear laminate) to be systematically varied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ballistic impact response of an UHMWPE fiber reinforced laminate encasing of an aluminum-alumina hybrid panel

O’Masta

Compton

Gamble

et al. 2015

International Journal of Impact Engineering

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A B S T R A C TThe impact response of an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite laminate has been investigated. The laminate encapsulated an aluminum alloy sandwich panel whose corrugated core was filled with prismatic alumina inserts. The laminate encased hybrid core target could sustain ceramic prism base impacts by a spherical, 12.7 mm diameter steel projectile with velocities in excess of 2.7 km s −1 . This was 150% higher than the ballistic limit of an equal areal density, similarly encapsulated aluminum plate target. By contrast, when the projectile impacted a hybrid core target at the apex of a ceramic prism insert, failure of the UHMWPE laminate on the rear face occurred at a lower impact velocity. High-speed imaging, three-dimensional digital image correlation and x-ray tomography measurements are used to show that upon impact the projectile and the ceramic insert fragment. These fragments then load the UHMWPE laminate on the rear face with a significantly reduced pressure compared to the impact pressure of the projectile on the front surface of the target. The loading area on the inner surface of the rear laminate was highest for a prism base impact and lowest for a prism apex impact. The inability to penetrate the rear laminate of the base impacted samples is consistent with the recent identification of an impact pressure controlled mechanism of progressive penetration in this class of laminate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ballistic impact response of an UHMWPE fiber reinforced laminate encasing of an aluminum-alumina hybrid panel

O’Masta

Compton

Gamble

et al. 2015

International Journal of Impact Engineering

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“…Such modeling helps provide insights into differences between porcine and human skin penetration. The favored model [11], describes the drag force D, acting on the particle as a function of particle and target material properties:…”

Section: Comparison Of Data With Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the transdermal ballistic delivery of micro-particles into human and porcine skin

Kendall

Carter

Mitchell

et al.

2001 Conference Proceedings of the 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

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Abstract-This paper describes a comparative investigation into the impact penetration characteristics of DNA-coated gold micro-particles into human and porcine skin. This work is aimed at establishing the link between the particle parameters required in delivering particles to the epidermis of pigs and humans.The particles are delivered to the skin using the PowderJect concept: a method that accelerates vaccines and drugs in microparticle form to velocities sufficient to penetrate the skin and achieve a therapeutic effect. Devices are configured to deliver particles to predetermined velocities to both the in-vivo inguinal region of the pig and the ex-vivo skin from the human back and arm. Location of the gold particles within the tissue sites was assayed in histological sections taken from the tissue sites. The penetration results in pig and human tissue are analyzed and compared with calculations performed with a semi-empirical unified penetration model.

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“…In these particle impact studies, the mechanisms of particle impact were explored with a theoretical model, based on a representation first proposed by Dehn (Dehn 1976). The model attributes the particle resistive force (D) to plastic deformation and target inertia…”

Section: Theoretical Model For Ballistic Impact Into Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Needle-Free Vaccine Injection

Kendall

2009

Drug Delivery

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Millions of people die each year from infectious disease, with a main stumbling block being our limited ability to deliver vaccines to optimal sites in the body. Specifically, effective methods to deliver vaccines into outer skin and mucosal layers--sites with immunological, physical and practical advantages that cannot be targeted via traditional delivery methods--are lacking. This chapter investigates the challenge for physical delivery approaches that are primarily needle-free. We examine the skin's structural and immunogenic properties in the context of the physical cell targeting requirements of the viable epidermis, and we review selected current physical cell targeting technologies engineered to meet these needs: needle and syringe, diffusion patches, liquid jet injectors, and microneedle arrays/patches. We then focus on biolistic particle delivery: we first analyze engineering these systems to meet demanding clinical needs, we then examine the interaction of biolistic devices with the skin, focusing on the mechanical interactions of ballistic impact and cell death, and finally we discuss the current clinical outcomes of one key application of engineered delivery devices--DNA vaccines.

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A unified theory of penetration

Cited by 48 publications

References 3 publications

Ballistic impact response of an UHMWPE fiber reinforced laminate encasing of an aluminum-alumina hybrid panel

Ballistic impact response of an UHMWPE fiber reinforced laminate encasing of an aluminum-alumina hybrid panel

Comparison of the transdermal ballistic delivery of micro-particles into human and porcine skin

Needle-Free Vaccine Injection

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