Abiotic and Biotic Disturbances Affecting Forest Health in Poland over the Past 30 Years: Impacts of Climate and Forest Management

Sierota, Z.; Grodzki, W.; Szczepkowski, Andrzej

doi:10.3390/f10010075

Cited by 53 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The impact of harmful biotic factors on forest tree species is often assessed by visual estimation of the general health condition of the crown [65,66]. P. cactorum and A. gallica directly destroy the plant root system, and in consequence influence the condition of foliage.…”

Section: Effects Of Stress Factors On Physiological Response Of Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between Phytophthora cactorum, Armillaria gallica and Betula pendula Roth. Seedlings Subjected to Defoliation

Nowakowska

Stocki

Stocka

et al. 2020

Forests

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The purpose of this study was to better understand the interactive impact of two soil-borne pathogens, Phytophthora cactorum and Armillaria gallica, on seedlings of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) subjected to stress caused by mechanical defoliation, simulating primary insect feeding. This is the first experimental confirmation of silver birch seedling root damage (and in consequence shoot mortality) caused by the additive effect of defoliation stress and P. cactorum inoculation via soil. However, the most severe damage to roots occurred after A. gallica inoculation. One year after treatments, chlorophyll fluorescence measurement, and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to analyze the photosynthetic activity in leaves, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by the birch leaves, and chemical compounds from the roots. The cumulative effect of the two pathogens and partial defoliation reduced photosynthetic activity, suggesting dysfunction of photosystem PSII due to the applied stresses. In summary, it seems that the main differences in photosynthetic performance could be attributed to Armillaria infection. The birch leaves in seedlings exposed to 50% defoliation, and inoculation with P.cactorum and A. gallica, emitted more aromatic carbonyls and alcohols, as well as half as much aliphatic esters, compared to controls. In infected birch roots, the production of phenols, triterpenes, and fatty alcohols increased, but fatty acids decreased. Higher levels of aromatic carbonyls and alcohols in leaves, as well as phenolic compounds in the roots of stressed birches (compared to control) suggest an activation of plant systemic acquired resistance (SAR).

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Section: Effects Of Stress Factors On Physiological Response Of Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between Phytophthora cactorum, Armillaria gallica and Betula pendula Roth. Seedlings Subjected to Defoliation

Nowakowska

Stocki

Stocka

et al. 2020

Forests

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“…Choi et al [4] reviewed changes in major forest pests, specifically, insect pests of pine forests in Korea over the last 50 years, and presented the shift in pests from the pine needle gall midge to the pine wilt disease due to changes in the forest structure. Meanwhile, Sierota et al [18] reported on changes in the health of forests and their biological diversity in Poland over the last 30 years, by considering the climate, species composition, impacts of forest pests, forest management, etc. They concluded that forests in Poland are highly diversified but vulnerable to outbreaks of forest pests.…”

Section: Papers In This Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring, Assessment and Management of Forest Insect Pests and Diseases

Choi

Park

2019

Forests

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Forest pests are one of the most important factors disturbing forest ecosystems, by impacting forestry economy, ecosystem services, biodiversity, and sustainable ecosystem management. Monitoring the occurrence of forest pests offers clues to understand their impacts on the forest ecosystem and develop a sustainable ecosystem management strategy. This special issue is designed to create a better understanding of the changes and impacts of forest pests according to forest changes, caused by natural or anthropogenic causes. There are 13 papers published in this special issue, covering several issues concerning forest pests. Two of the papers reviewed the changes in forest pests in Korea or Poland. The remaining twelve papers covered issues concerning the monitoring, assessment, and management of forest pests. Through this special issue, we expect to contribute towards the improvement of our knowledge of the structures and processes in forest ecosystems relating to forest pests and fundamental information for the effective management of forest pests.

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“…Not only does warming benefit native pests, it may also allow the range expansion and population growth of species never considered as potential pests. Such seems to be the case in Finland with the nun moth (Lymantria monacha L.), one of the most important defoliators of coniferous forests in Europe (Schwenke 1978;Bejer 1988;Sierota et al 2019). Its potential range expansion was discussed already by Vanhanen et al (2007), and recently Fält-Nardman et al (2018a) reported that between 1961 and 2013, the northern distribution limit of the nun moth has shifted ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

From a rare inhabitant into a potential pest – status of the nun moth in Finland based on pheromone trapping

Melin¹,

Viiri²,

Tikkanen³

et al. 2020

Silva Fenn.

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Forests are affected by climate change in various ways. This includes abiotic factors such as droughts, but also biotic damage by pest insects. There are numerous examples from cases where pest insects have benefitted from longer growing seasons or from warmer summers. Similarly, new pest insects have been able to expand their range due to climatic conditions that have changed from hostile to tolerable. Such seems to be the case with the nun moth (), an important defoliator of coniferous trees in Europe. For centuries, the species has had massive outbreaks across Central-Europe, while it has been a rare inhabitant in Northern Europe. Recently, the nun moth population in Finland has not only expanded in range, but also grown more abundant. This research note describes the results from the first years (2018â2019) of a monitoring program that is being conducted with pheromone traps across central and southern Finland. So far, the northernmost individuals were trapped near the 64 N degrees. However, there were more southern locations where no moths were trapped. The species was present in every trapping site below the latitude of 62 N degrees. More importantly, at some sites the abundance of the nun moth suggested that local forest damage may already occur. Given the current climatic scenarios for Fennoscandia, it is likely that the nun moth populations will continue to grow, which is why systematic surveys on their abundance and range expansions will be topical.Lymantria monacha

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Abiotic and Biotic Disturbances Affecting Forest Health in Poland over the Past 30 Years: Impacts of Climate and Forest Management

Cited by 53 publications

References 43 publications

Interactions between Phytophthora cactorum, Armillaria gallica and Betula pendula Roth. Seedlings Subjected to Defoliation

Interactions between Phytophthora cactorum, Armillaria gallica and Betula pendula Roth. Seedlings Subjected to Defoliation

Monitoring, Assessment and Management of Forest Insect Pests and Diseases

From a rare inhabitant into a potential pest – status of the nun moth in Finland based on pheromone trapping

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