Abundance and Diversity of Soil Macrofauna in Native Forest, Eucalyptus Plantations, Perennial Pasture, Integrated Crop-Livestock, and No-Tillage Cropping

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Intensive land use can affect macrofaunal biodiversity, which is a property that can be used as a soil quality indicator. This study evaluated the abundance and diversity of soil macrofauna and its relation to soil chemical and physical properties in five land use systems (LUS) in the eastern region of Santa Catarina. The following LUS were studied: native forest (NF), eucalyptus plantations (EP), perennial pasture (PP), integrated crop-livestock (ICL), and no-tillage cropping (NT). The macrofauna was quantified in 0.25 × 0.25 m monoliths and sampled in the 0.00-0.20 m layer in the summer (Jan/2012) and winter (Jul/2012). For each LUS, nine points were sampled, distributed in a 30 × 30 m sampling grid. After screening the edaphic macrofauna organisms, the individuals were counted and identified at the species level when possible, or in major taxonomic groups. The Shannon diversity indices were calculated and the macrofaunal groups together with the physical and chemical properties were subjected to principal component (PCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA). The abundance and diversity of macrofaunal groups are affected by the LUS. The properties of organic matter, macroporosity, bulk density, cation exchange capacity at pH 7.0, base saturation, potential acidity, and exchangeable Al were related to the abundance of soil macrofaunal groups. The stability and biodiversity of soil macrofauna were highest in the LUS of NF, PP, and EP.

Impact of Different Land-Use Systems on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Macrofauna Abundance in the Humid Tropics of Cameroon

“…is might be due to many di erent pesticides (including WHO class 1a pesticides such as terbufos and oxamyl) that have been or are being applied frequently in the banana plantations in the country [34]. Mongyeh et al [35] and Okolle et al [36] have reported the high impact of terbufos on mortality of banana borer weevils, ants, and earthworms.…”

Epigeal invertebrate fauna in monoculture and integrated systems in the cerrado biome Piauí

“…Thus, the epigeal fauna can be used as parameters for determining sustainable agricultural production systems (Santos et al, 2016). The indications of soil management systems that promote greater biological conservation can be done by assessing the disturbance levels of invertebrate fauna, observing a decline the abundance and diversity of species, in addition to the change in the fauna composition from o non disturbed, as well as the presence of certain specific groups (Souza et al, 2016;Silva et al, 2012).…”

“…The importance of these invertebrates has been emphasized for maintaining soil quality and the environment in the Cerrado biome (Lima et al, 2019;Santos et al, 2016;Portilho et al, 2011;Silva et al, 2011). However, there is still a lack of information on their behavior in anthropized areas and especially with eucalyptus cultivation (Souza et al, 2016;Cortez et al, 2015;Vargas et al, 2013). Moreover, more studies are needed regarding areas involving production systems with the use of eucalyptus, both in monoculture and in integrated systems, aiming at understanding the effects of different management systems and land uses on epigeal fauna.…”

Caracterización ecológica de la macrofauna edáfica en dos sitios de bosque siempreverde en El Salón, Sierra del Rosario, Cuba

“…La distribución de los invertebrados terrestres depende de varios factores, entre ellos, las precipitaciones o la estacionalidad del clima; que a la vez definen la temperatura y la humedad del suelo, de modo que son las variables edafo-climáticas que más influyen sobre estas comunidades en los suelos tropicales. Generalmente, es en la época lluviosa, y no en la de seca, donde se encuentra la mayor diversidad y abundancia de la fauna edáfica, pues el agua contribuye con procesos vitales de estos organismos como la respiración, reproducción y alimentación (Souza et al 2016). No obstante, dicho patrón puede variar dentro del período lluvioso según las características del ecosistema y el tipo de suelo, que propician condiciones de exceso de agua; ante las cuales las comunidades edáficas disminuyen ya que salen a la superficie o migran a estratos profundos del suelo, en busca de micro-ambientes más apropiados para su establecimiento (Herrera et al 1988).…”

“…En comparación con otros ecosistemas, los bosques presentan una composición vegetal diversa y una amplia capa de hojarasca, la cual al depositarse en el suelo como mantillo crea un microclima favorable, y sirve de microhábitat y alimento para muchos organismos de la fauna edáfica (De la Rosa y Negrete-Yankelevich 2012). Diversos estudios en bosques del trópico húmedo exponen valores altos de riqueza taxonómica, diversidad y abundancia de la macrofauna con relación a otros usos de la tierra menos conservados, y también la dominancia de táxones como Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Oligochaeta, Diplopoda y Coleoptera (Rousseau et al 2013, Marichal et al 2014, Souza et al 2016.…”