Accelerometer-based measures of sedentary behavior and cardio-metabolic risk in active older adults

Abstract

Accelerometer-based measures of sedentary behavior and cardiometabolic risk in active older adults Abstract Purpose: Sedentary behavior has been proposed as an independent cardio-metabolic risk factor even in adults who are physically active through recreational activity. Because little is known about the metabolic e ects of sedentariness in seniors, the relationship between sedentary behavior and cardio-metabolic risk was examined in physically active older adults.Methods: Fi y-four community dwelling men and women > 65 years of age (mean 71.5 years) were enrolled in this cross-sectional observational study. Subjects were in good health and free of known diabetes. Activity levels (sedentary, light, moderate to vigorous activity time per day) were recorded with accelerometers worn continuously for 7 days. Cardio-metabolic risk factors measured consisted of the American Heart Association diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome (waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, systolic blood pressure and fasting glucose) as well as low-density lipoprotein (LDL). e relationships between activity measures and cardio-metabolic risk factors were examined. Signi cant variables were then entered into a stepwise multivariate regression model.Results: All but one subject achieved exercise levels recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine. e average proportion of time spent at a sedentary activity level each day was 72.7%. From the regression analysis, the only signi cant association found between cardio-metabolic risk outcomes and activity predictors was between LDL and sedentary time, with LDL detrimentally associated with average sedentary time per day (Standardized Beta Correlation Coe cient 0.302, p< 0.05).Conclusion: Sedentary behavior is associated with an adverse metabolic e ect on LDL in seniors, even those who meet guideline recommendations for an active " t" adult.

Sedentary Behavior and Blood Pressure in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

“…We hypothesized that greater amounts of sedentary behavior would be associated with higher systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in patients with MS based on the frequencies of sedentary behavior and hypertension in patients with MS 4 and the relationship between hypertension and sedentary behavior in the general population. [15][16][17][18] We further hypothesized that the association would be stronger in persons with MS compared with controls considering the possible role of a chronic disease condition.…”

Sedentary Behavior and Cardiovascular Risk in Older Adults: a Scoping Review

“…All studies were observational—four were cross-sectional [23–26], four were prospective longitudinal [15, 27–29], one was retrospective longitudinal [30••], and one was a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from an intervention study [31••]. All studies were published from 2007 to 2015.…”

“…All studies were published from 2007 to 2015. Sample sizes (either full sample or portion of sample ≥60 years) ranged from 54 [23] to 62,954 [28]. By design, all studies in this review included samples exclusively age ≥60 [23–27,30••, 31••] or reported on older subgroups [15, 28, 29], but studies varied in age limits—four studies reported on participants ≥60 [24, 26, 28, 29], three studies on participants ≥65 [23, 25, 27], two studies on participants ≥70 [15, 31••], and one study on participants age ≥73 [30••].…”

“…Sample sizes (either full sample or portion of sample ≥60 years) ranged from 54 [23] to 62,954 [28]. By design, all studies in this review included samples exclusively age ≥60 [23–27,30••, 31••] or reported on older subgroups [15, 28, 29], but studies varied in age limits—four studies reported on participants ≥60 [24, 26, 28, 29], three studies on participants ≥65 [23, 25, 27], two studies on participants ≥70 [15, 31••], and one study on participants age ≥73 [30••]. Four studies included generally unrestricted samples of older adults, with the remainder having restricted samples: two studies that included women only [15, 28], two studies that included men only [27, 29], one study that included only Hispanic elders [24], and two studies that examined samples of older adults with distinct physical activity characteristics, one of older adults with very high physical activity [23] and the other of inactive older adults with mobility limitations [31••].…”

“…Accelerometers were uniaxial in two studies [25, 26], biaxial in two studies [23, 27], and triaxial in two studies [30••, 31••]. All studies that measured SB via accelerometry used cut points of ≤1.5 METs [23, 27] or <100 counts per minute [25, 26, 30••, 31••] to define SB.…”