Acceptorless dehydrogenative synthesis of primary amides from alcohols and ammonia

Abstract

The highly desirable synthesis of the widely-used primary amides directly from alcohols and ammonia via acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling represents a clean, atom-economical, sustainable process. Nevertheless, such a reaction has not...

Organophotocatalytic dehydrogenative preparation of amides directly from alcohols

“…is ideal to advance the amide formation from in situ -generated aldehyde and suppresses the competitive ester formation reaction. 17 The final optimized condition resulted in an 81% yield of 3aa under 8 mol% catalyst and 30 mol% base loading, while the reaction mixture was kept under an O 2 -filled balloon. We note that the reaction under simple aerobic conditions is also efficient, while the yield of 3aa drops slightly to 72%.…”

Mechanistic insight into the borrowing hydrogen reaction catalysed by a Pd MLC catalyst: unveiling the ligand-to-ligand hydrogen transfer pathway

“…[9][10][11][12] An exemplary instance of MLC catalysis is evident in the hydrogenation of ketones, aldehydes, and imines using pincer complexes, showcasing applications in pharmaceutical syntheses, fine chemicals production, and various other domains. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Additionally, MLC catalysis plays a pivotal role in promoting sustainability, with catalysts based on Earthabundant metals being devised for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to yield valuable products such as methanol and formate. [25][26][27] These catalysts present a promising avenue towards a more sustainable future by converting greenhouse gases into materials of practical utility.…”

Reactions and catalytic applications of a PNCNP pincer palladium hydride complex

“…8 Among the different methods used for the synthesis of amides, hydration of nitriles and acylation of ammonia have received a great deal of attention in obtaining primary amides. 9 The traditional protocols for nitrile hydration suffer from many drawbacks such as the application of very strong acids or bases, low yields, poor functional group compatibility and over-hydrolysis of amide products to form undesired carboxylic acid by-products. 10 Under this context, transition metal catalysed selective hydration of nitriles to primary amides has been extensively explored 11 and palladium complexes have been frequently used to catalyse this type of chemical transformation.…”