2005
DOI: 10.1002/anie.200501757
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Accumulation of an E,E,E‐Triene by the Monensin‐Producing Polyketide Synthase when Oxidative Cyclization is Blocked

Abstract: Evidence for the intermediate in the polyether biosynthesis of the ionophore antibiotic monensin A has been obtained. A tridecaketide E,E,E‐triene (see formula) has been isolated by using mutant strains of Streptomyces cinnamonensis. Characterization of this intermediate allows the likely biosynthetic route to monensin to be discriminated.

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Cited by 90 publications
(62 citation statements)
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“…After extraction and purification of the corresponding fermentation products, the structures of the obtained derivatives were analyzed by 1D and 2D NMR experiments and HRMS. The analysis confirmed the structures of premonensins A and B for the wild type [18] and the corresponding oxidized derivatives, ER2 0 -A and ER2 0 -B (Figure 3 B and the Supporting Information), for the ER2 0 mutant. The structural difference between the wild-type premonensin and the reduced derivative of ER2 is evident from the NMR signals of the vinylic proton.…”
supporting
confidence: 71%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…After extraction and purification of the corresponding fermentation products, the structures of the obtained derivatives were analyzed by 1D and 2D NMR experiments and HRMS. The analysis confirmed the structures of premonensins A and B for the wild type [18] and the corresponding oxidized derivatives, ER2 0 -A and ER2 0 -B (Figure 3 B and the Supporting Information), for the ER2 0 mutant. The structural difference between the wild-type premonensin and the reduced derivative of ER2 is evident from the NMR signals of the vinylic proton.…”
supporting
confidence: 71%
“…These experiments were designed to lead to oxidized derivatives of the monensin shunt-product premonensin, which structurally resembles the marine polyketide discodermolide (see Figure 3). [18] oxidation state than in the wild-type enzyme through the blocking of the individual reductive domains. This should proceed with minimal concomitant alterations of the overall protein structure, thus allowing for a clear analysis of the substrate-specificity effects of downstream domains.…”
mentioning
confidence: 90%
“…bildender Enzyme in Polyketidrouten die Epoxidhydrolasen, [3] Chalconisomerasen, [11] Nonactat-Synthase [12] und die an der Aureothinbiosynthese beteiligte P450-Monooxygenase. [13] Dies sind isolierte, mit PS evolutiv nicht verwandte Enzyme, die nach Bildung der Polyketidkette zu agieren scheinen.…”
Section: Angewandte Zuschriftenunclassified
“…Beispiele sind die in Abbildung 1 A gezeigten Polyketide aus Bakterien und Schwämmen sowie viele Dinoflagellatentoxine. Da solche Heterocyclen wichtige pharmakologische Determinanten sind, war das Verständnis, wie cyclische Ether in der Natur [1] und durch stereoselektive Synthese erzeugt werden, Motivation zahlreicher Arbeiten.[2] Recht detailliert wurde die Biosynthese von Polyether-Ionophoren untersucht, [3] die über bemerkenswerte Cyclisierungskaskaden durch freistehende Epoxidhydrolasen maturiert werden. Da diese Enzyme jedoch komplexe Substrate während des PostPolyketidsynthase(PKS-)Abschnitts der Biosynthese umsetzen, ist ihre Entwicklung zu allgemeineren Hilfsmitteln in der chemoenzymatischen Synthese vermutlich schwierig.…”
unclassified
“…Die Experimente sollten zu oxidierten Derivaten des MonensinAbbruchprodukts Prämonensin führen, das strukturell an den marinen Naturstoff Discodermolid erinnert (Abbildung 3). [18] [*] Dr. S. Kushnir [10,24] Alternativ kann dies ein Effekt eines noch zu identifizierenden Korrekturmechanismus innerhalb der Monensin-PKS sein, der manche nicht-nativen Produkte vorzeitig von der PKS abspaltet. [25][26][27][28] [21] in S. cinnamonensis eingeführt.…”
unclassified