Acellular porcine heart matrices: whole organ decellularization with 3D-Bioscaffold & vascular preservation

Abstract

Regenerative medicine, particularly decellularization-recellularization methods via whole-organ tissue engineering, has been increasingly studied due to the growing donor organ shortage. Though numerous decellularization protocols exist, the ideal decellularization protocol for optimal recellularization is unclear. This study was performed to optimize existing heart decellularization protocols and compare current methods using the detergents SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate), Triton X-100, OGP (octyl β-D-glucopyranoside), and CHAPS (3-[(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate) through retrograde aortic perfusion via aortic cannulation of a whole porcine heart. The goal of decellularization is to preserve extracellular matrix integrity and architecture, which was analyzed in this study through histology, microscopy, DNA analysis, hydroxyproline content analysis, materials analysis and angiography. Effective decellularization was determined by analyzing the tissue organization, geometry, and biological properties of the resultant extracellular matrix scaffold. Using these parameters, optimal decellularization was achieved between 90 and 120 mmHg pressure with 3% SDS as a detergent. Relevance for patients: This study provides important information about whole heart decellularization, which will ultimately contribute to heart bioengineering. Keywords:porcine heart decellularization acellularization organ bioscaffold vascular

Tissue-Specific Decellularization Methods: Rationale and Strategies to Achieve Regenerative Compounds

“…Bone autografts are the best option in order to avoid rejection, while allografts and xenografts are often used [46,[69][70][71][72]. Implantable ceramic scaffolds are also frequent in clinical settings as osteoconductive materials, and some of these products are bovine or porcine bone HA calcareous matrices obtained after heat-treating bones in a muffle furnace to remove all organic compounds, including cells [68,73].…”

Recapitulating Cardiac Structure and Function In Vitro from Simple to Complex Engineering

“…To mimic the natural cell microenvironment, biomaterials such as decellularized porcine cardiac ECM (pcECM) were explored ( Figure 13 ) [ 158 ]. Its structure, composition, and bioactivity can play a key role in cell behavior regulation.…”

Cardiomyogenesis Modeling Using Pluripotent Stem Cells: The Role of Microenvironmental Signaling

“…This approach leads to distinct possibilities, including the development of new cardiac tissue engineering strategies, through the use of decellularized/recellularized organs in transplants, as well as allowing the characterization of the cardiac ECM in normal or pathological conditions. Over the last 10 years, different decellularization and recellularization strategies were developed and performed with murine (Ott et al, 2008; Carvalho et al, 2012; Lu et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2019), porcine (Ott et al, 2008; Weymann et al, 2014; Ferng et al, 2017; Lee P.-F. et al, 2017), bovine (Arslan et al, 2018) and even human (Sánchez et al, 2015; Garreta et al, 2016; Guyette et al, 2016) heart tissue (revised by Scarrit et al, 2015; Tang-Quan et al, 2018).…”