Actinophytocola burenkhanensis sp. nov., isolated from Mongolian soil

Abstract

A Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile actinomycete, strain MN08-A0203 T , that formed pale yellow to orange-brown colonies and non-fragmented branched substrate mycelium is described. The strain, which produced very scanty aerial mycelium-like structures and scanty formation of spherical bodies on the aerial mycelium on Bennett's agar medium, was studied in detail to determine its taxonomic position. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain MN08-A0203 T grouped with the genus Actinophytocola, being most closely related to the type strain of Actinophytocola oryzae (97.8 %). Chemotaxonomic data [menaquinone MK-9(H 4 ); iso-C 16 : 0 (27 %), iso-C 15 : 0 (18 %), C 16 : 1 H (8 %), C 16 : 0 9-methyl (8 %) as major fatty acids; glucose, galactose, ribose, arabinose, mannose, rhamnose and xylose (trace) as whole cell sugars; diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine and ninhydrin-positive phosphoglycolipids as polar phospholipids] supported allocation of the strain to the genus Actinophytocola. Furthermore, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization of strain MN08-A0203 T with the type strain of Actinophytocola oryzae revealed that the two strains were genetically distinct from each other. Moreover, physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain MN08-A0203 T from closely related species. Thus, MN08-A0203 T represents a novel species of the genus Actinophytocola, for which the name Actinophytocola burenkhanensis sp. nov. is proposed, with MN08-A0203 T (5NBRC 105883 T 5VTCC D9-23 T ) as the type strain.The genus Actinophytocola was proposed by Indananda et al. (2010) as a member of the family Pseudonocardiaceae Embley et al. (1988( ) emend. Stackebrandt et al. (1997. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and 16S rRNA signature nucleotide patterns, the family currently contains 18 genera with validly published names, as described previously by Indananda et al. (2010). The single member of the genus Actinophytocola forms rod-shaped spores on aerial mycelium, but no sporangium-like structures or fragmentation of substrate mycelium are observed. The vegetative mycelia are light melon yellow and aerial mycelium is pale peach on International Streptomyces project (ISP) 3 medium. The cell wall contains meso-diaminopimelic acid, alanine, glutamic acid and acetylated muramic acid. The whole-cell sugars are arabinose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose and ribose. Mycolic acids are absent. The major fatty acids are iso-C 16 : 0 , iso-C 15 : 0 and C 16 : 0 . The diagnostic menaquinone is MK-9(H 4 ). The polar phospholipids consist of phosphatidylethanolamine and hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content is 71.1 mol% (Indananda et al., 2010).During the characterization of organisms from soil samples collected near Burenkhan, Khuvsgul province, Mongolia, strain MN08-A0203 T was isolated using the rehydrationcentrifugation method (Hayakawa et al., 2000) on humic acid-vitamin agar (Hayakawa & Nonomura, 1987) The strain w...

Actinophytocola xinjiangensis sp. nov., isolated from virgin forest soil

“…It is classified in the large family Pseudonocardiaceae (Embley et al , 1988; Labeda et al , 2011), which currently encompasses 25 genera. At the time of writing, the genus Actinophytocola contains four species with validly published names: Actinophytocola oryzae (Indananda et al , 2010) as the type species, Actinophytocola timorensis and Actinophytocola corallina (Otoguro et al , 2011) and Actinophytocola burenkhanensis (Ara et al , 2011). Members of the genus are aerobic, Gram-positive and non-acid-fast, form non-fragmented substrate mycelium and, on some media, produce aerial mycelium that fragments into spore chains or spore chain-like structures, but do not produce sporangium-like structures.…”

“…Mycolic acids are absent. The major fatty acid, diagnostic menaquinone and polar phospholipid are iso-C 16 : 0 , MK-9(H 4 ) and phosphatidylethanolamine (phospholipid type II sensu Lechevalier et al , 1977), respectively (Indananda et al , 2010; Ara et al , 2011; Otoguro et al , 2011).…”

“…Therefore, the distinct phylogenetic position and low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities supported the differentiation of strain QAIII60 T from other members of the genus Actinophytocola . Because the reference strains shared 97.5–98.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with each other and also <70 % DNA–DNA relatedness (Ara et al , 2011; Otoguro et al , 2011), which was well below the cut-off point recommended by Wayne et al (1987) for the assignment of strains to the same genomic species, DNA–DNA relatedness between strain QAIII60 T and its closest phylogenetic neighbours was not determined.…”

Actinophytocola gilvus sp. nov., isolated from desert soil crusts, and emended description of the genus Actinophytocola Indananda et al. 2010

“…Actinophytocola oryzae was first described and proposed as the type species of the genus Actinophytocola by Indananda et al (2010), with a single strain isolated from the root of Thai glutinous rice plant. Later, four more species of the genus Actinophytocola from different types of soil samples were identified (Otoguro et al, 2011;Ara et al, 2011;Guo et al, 2011). One of the genus-specific morphological features is that no sporangium-like structures are produced.…”

Actinophytocola algeriensis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from Saharan soil

“…Its first species, Actinophytocola oryzae, was isolated from the roots of Thai glutinous rice plants. At the time of writing, this genus contains seven species with validly published names: Actinophytocola oryzae (Indananda et al, 2010) as the type species, Actinophytocola timorensis and Actinophytocola corallina (Otoguro et al, 2011), Actinophytocola burenkhanensis (Ara et al, 2011), Actinophytocola xinjiangensis (Xiaoxuan et al, 2011), Actinophytocola sediminis and Actinophytocola gilvus (Sun et al, 2014). Members of this genus are aerobic, Gramstain-positive and non-motile.…”