Actinophytocola gilvus sp. nov., isolated from desert soil crusts, and emended description of the genus Actinophytocola Indananda et al. 2010

Abstract

, was isolated from a desert soil crust sample collected in the Shapotou region of Tengger Desert, north-west China. The isolate grew well on International Streptomyces Project (ISP) media 2, 3, 5 and 7, YS and Bennett's agar; it produced spherical bodies and formed clumps on the aerial mycelia on ISP 5 agar plates. Chemotaxonomically, the strain contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid, arabinose and galactose as the diagnostic sugars in whole-cell hydrolysates, MK-9(H 4 ) as the sole isoprenoid quinone, and iso-C 16 : 0 , iso-C 16 : 0 2-OH and iso-C 16 : 1 H as the major cellular fatty acids, without mycolic acids. The profile of the phospholipids mainly comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine. Actinophytocola oryzae was first described and proposed as the type species of the genus Actinophytocola by Indananda et al. (2010), with a single strain isolated from the root of Thai glutinous rice plant. Later, four more species of the genus Actinophytocola from different types of soil samples were identified (Otoguro et al., 2011;Ara et al., 2011;Guo et al., 2011). One of the genus-specific morphological features is that no sporangium-like structures are produced. Here, we report another strain belonging to the genus Actinophytocola discovered from a desert soil crusts sample collected in the Shapotou region of the Tengger Desert, north-west China. Based on the taxonomic studies using a polyphasic approach, the strain represents a novel species of the genus Actinophytocola.Strain I12A-02593 T was recovered on International Streptomyces Project (ISP) medium 5 (Shirling & Gottlieb, 1966), namely, glycerol-asparagine agar, by the dilution plating method. After 3 weeks of incubation at 28 uC, the single pale yellow colony was picked and followed by streaking purification. The purified isolate was maintained on ISP 5 agar at 4 u C and also as glycerol suspensions (20 %, v/v) at 280 u C.The temperature range for growth was tested at 0, 4, 10, 28 to 37 (at intervals of 1.0 u C), 40, 45 and 55 u C in ISP 2, ISP 4 and ISP 5 (Shirling & Gottlieb, 1966) media using multi-thermo incubators (Eyela, MTI-20; Tokyo Rikakikai) respectively. The pH range for growth was tested at pH 5.0-11.5 (at intervals of 0.5 pH units), using the following

Defining the root endosphere and rhizosphere microbiomes from the World Olive Germplasm Collection

“…Actinophytocola sp., in addition to other actinomycetes, has also been demonstrated to inhibit the growth of well-known human pathogens ( B. subtilis and S. aureus ) 36 . Finally, Actinophytocola gilvus was recently isolated from extremely dry conditions, from a soil crusts sample collected in the Tengger Desert in China 37 . Considering that this genus was ubiquitously and abundantly found in our study, Actinophytocola spp.…”

Actinophytocola gossypii sp. nov. and Streptomyces gossypii sp. nov., two novel actinomycetes isolated from rhizosphere soil of cotton

“…The genus Actinophytocola , belonging to the family Pseudonocardiaceae [1, 2], was established by Indananda et al [3] and its description was emended by Sun et al [4]. The type strain of this genus is Actinophytocola oryzae , which was isolated from the roots of Thai glutinous rice plants [3].…”

“…At the time of writing, the genus contains 10 species with validly published names registered in the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN; https://lpsn.dsmz.de) [8]. Many of them were isolated from distinct habitats, such as endophyte [3], desert soil [4, 9], forest soil [5], marine sediment [10], and plant rhizospheres [11, 12]. The genus Actinophytocola encompasses a group of Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile and non-acid-fast microbes and form non-septa substrate and aerial mycelia that can fragment into spore chains on some media.…”

Actinophytocola algeriensis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from Saharan soil

“…Its first species, Actinophytocola oryzae, was isolated from the roots of Thai glutinous rice plants. At the time of writing, this genus contains seven species with validly published names: Actinophytocola oryzae (Indananda et al, 2010) as the type species, Actinophytocola timorensis and Actinophytocola corallina (Otoguro et al, 2011), Actinophytocola burenkhanensis (Ara et al, 2011), Actinophytocola xinjiangensis (Xiaoxuan et al, 2011), Actinophytocola sediminis and Actinophytocola gilvus (Sun et al, 2014). Members of this genus are aerobic, Gramstain-positive and non-motile.…”

“…Most of them produce nonfragmented substrate mycelium and, on some media, produce aerial mycelium that fragments into spore chains or spore-chain-like structures. This genus is also characterized by a type IV cell wall (meso-diaminopimelic acid with arabinose and galactose as diagnostic whole cell sugars), except for A. xinjiangensis and A. gilvus wherein arabinose is not detected (Xiaoxuan et al, 2011;Sun et al, 2014), a phospholipid type PII (phosphatidylethanolamine) pattern, MK-9(H 4 ) as the predominant menaquinone, iso-C 16 : 0 as the major cellular fatty acid and absence of mycolic acids (Indananda et al, 2010). The present polyphasic study was designed to determine the taxonomic position of an Actinophytocola-like strain, and the results showed that this strain represents a novel species of the genus Actinophytocola.…”