Activation of NF-κB in bone marrow cells of BALB/cJ mice following exposure in vivo to low doses of 137Cs γ-rays

Abstract

We measured levels of NF-kappaB activation in bone marrow (BM) cells collected at 1 and 4 h from male BALB/cJ mice (10-12 weeks old) given a whole body dose of 0, 0.05, 0.1 and 1 Gy of (137)Cs gamma-rays (at the dose rate of 0.75 Gy/min). At each harvest time-point, BM cells were collected from five mice per dose of radiation. We used two methods for detecting NF-kappaB activation (1) the NF-kappaB/p65 transcription factor enzyme-linked immunosorbance assay (ELISA) and (2) immunofluorescence staining with NF-kappaB/p65 antibody. Results from ELISA indicated 2.0 and 2.8-fold increases in NF-kappaB activation in BM cells isolated at 1 h post-exposure of mice to 0.1 or 1.0 Gy. The immunofluorescence staining method showed similar results. In samples isolated 4 h post-irradiation, however, no activated NF-kappaB signal was found, regardless of the method of detection. The data also demonstrated that NF-kappaB was not activated in bone marrow cells collected either at 1 or 4 h from BALB/cJ mice exposed to a single dose of 0.05 Gy (137)Cs gamma-rays. Taken together, the results from our in vivo study indicate the involvement of NF-kappaB activation in early response to 0.1 and 1.0 Gy (but not 0.05 Gy) of (137)Cs gamma-rays.

Attenuation of oxidative damage and inflammatory responses by apigenin given to mice after irradiation

“…These cytokines were selected for analyses because high levels of their expression have been detected in the BM, spleen, macrophages, and mesenteric lymph nodes of mice exposed to varying doses of radiation (ranging from 0.05 to 8.0 Gy) [26,[30][31][32][33], including human blood mononuclear cells obtained from healthy adult individuals who lived near the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and were chronically exposed to low-dose radiation ranging from 0.18 mSv to 49 mSv [34]. Nuclear extract kits (Active Motif North America, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA) were used for obtaining cytosolic and nuclear fractions.…”

“…There were four groups of male CBA/CaJ mice, 10-12 weeks old at exposure (20 mice per group, making a total of 80 mice), given an acute whole body dose of 0 or 3.0 Gy of 137 Cs ␥ rays (at the dose rate of 0.7 Gy/min) using the GammaCell 40 (Atomic Energy of Canada, Ltd., Ontario, Canada) located in the Division of Laboratory Animal Resources of Stony Brook University. Exposure procedures, as described previously [26], were followed. A dose of 3.0 Gy of 137 Cs ␥ rays, which is approximately half of the LD 50/30 value for the CBA/Ca mouse [27,28], was used because it is known to cause toxicity to BM and other tissues of humans and mice.…”

The German ISS-experiment Cellular Responses to Radiation in Space (CERASP): The effects of single and combined space flight conditions on mammalian cells

“…The activation of the NF-jB pathway by ionizing radiation in general is known (Brach et al, 1991) as well as by e.g. c-radiation in particular (Rithidech et al, 2005;Jung et al, 1998). To the knowledge of the authors, NF-jB activation by b-radiation has not yet been described.…”

The Role of Inflammation in Cancer

“…Inhibition of NF-κB activity reduces chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in human stomach cancer. Ionising radiation (IR) has been reported to activate NF-κB in both in vitro and in vivo studies (Rithidech, 2005;Ahmed, 2006). Laszlo et al recently reported that IkB-alpha depletion in the late phase of IR is a result of a combined regulation at both transcription and translation levels (Laszlo, 2008).…”