Active Control of Rotating Stall in a Low Speed Axial Compressor

Paduano, James D.; Valavani, Lena; Longley, John P.; Greitzer, E. M.; Guenette, G. R.

doi:10.1115/91-gt-088

Cited by 58 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Since rotating stall and surge significantly limit the performance of turbine-based aeroengines, The analytical low order state-space model derived in [28] captures the characteristics of rotating stall and surge, and used in both MIT [29,30] and University of Maryland [25,37] to tackle rotating stall control. This work is further pursued by the research group in Georgia Institute of technology, led by Nett [6,12].…”

Section: Our Methodology To Approach Compressor Control Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the case of classic surge, the compressor may pass in and out of rotating stall during a surge cycle, with rotating stall characteristics appearing to be quite similar to those obtained during steady-state operation. Thus rotating stall and surge, though coupled, are well defined enough that each can be studied alone for low speed axial flow compressors [29].…”

Section: Rotating Stall and Surge In Axial Flow Compressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second is bifurcation-based rotating stall control law developed by Abed and his coworkers [25,37], and was shown to be effective for the implementation in industrial turbomachinery by Nett and his group [11,12]. Other important research work along this direction is the linear control method which extends the stable operating range of the compressor up to 20% [29,30], and the backstepping mthod reported in [23] leading to a global stabilization feedback control law.…”

Section: -2 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Summer Research Extension Program. Volume 4A. Wright Laboratory

Moore¹

1996

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 222024302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, r. AFRL-SR-BL-TR. 00-ind reviewing r Information AGENCY USE ONLY {Leave blank)TTÜPORT DATE December, 1996 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED TITLE AND SUBTITLE1996 Summer Research Program (SRP), Summer Research Extension Program (SREP), Final Report, Volume 4A, Wright Laboratory AUTHOR(S)Gary Moore FUNDING NUMBERS F49620-93-C-0063 PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)Research & Development Laboratories (RDL) 5800 Uplander Way Culver City, CA 90230-6608 The United States Air Force Summer Research Program (SRP) is designed to introduce university, college, and technical institute faculty members to Air Force research. This is accomplished by the faculty members, graduate students, and high school students being selected on a nationally advertised competitive basis during the summer intersession period to perforn research at Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Technical Directorates and Air Force Air Logistics Centers (ALC). AFOSR also offers its research associates (faculty only) an opportunity, under the Summer Research Extension Program (SREP), to continue their AFOSR-sponsored research at their home institutions through the award of research grants. This volume consists of a listing of the participants for the SREP and the technical report from each participant working at the AI Wright Laboratory. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)Air SUBJECT TERMS GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING SF 298The Report Documentation Page (RDP) is used in announcing and cataloging reports. It is important that this information be consistent with the rest of the report, particularly the cover and title page. Instructions for filling in each block of the form follow. It is important to stay within the lines to meet optical scanning requirements. Reports presented in this volume are arranged alphabetically by author and are numbered consecutivelye.g., 1-1, 1-2, 1-3; 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, with each series of reports preceded by a 35 page management summary. Reports in the five-volume set are organized as follows: VOLUME TITLE ABSTRACTWe analyze the importance of current crowding in a new cold cathode emitter which consists of a thin wide bandgap semiconductor material sandwiched between a metallic or heavily doped semiconductor and a low work function semimetallic thin film. Potential material candidates are suggested to achieve low-voltage (< 10 V), room-temperature cold cathode operation with emission currents of several tens of A/ cm 2 . We calculate the lateral potential drop which occurs across the emission window of cold cathodes with circular geom...

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Section: Our Methodology To Approach Compressor Control Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rotating Stall and Surge In Axial Flow Compressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -2 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Summer Research Extension Program. Volume 4A. Wright Laboratory

Moore¹

1996

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“…Different actuators have been employed, and examples include recycle, bleed and throttle valves, gas injection, variable guide vanes and a number of others [67]. The inlet guide vanes (IGV) and variable area throttle were studied for the active surge suppression in [97,98]. They show that, using appropriate feedback approach it is possible to stabilize the compressor beyond the natural surge line.…”

Section: Active Surge Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of an Ultrahigh-Speed Centrifugal Compressor for the Air Management of Fuel Cell Systems

Zhao

Blunier

Gao

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat.

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Fuel cell is a power supply system, which takes advantage of the electro-chemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen to produce electricity with water as its byproduct. Due to their lower pollution and high efficiency compared with fossil fuels, fuel cell systems are under extensive development for many power applications. Compared with high temperature fuel cells (such as molten carbonate fuel cells or solid oxide fuel cells), the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is more suitable for automotive applications because of its low temperature working condition, thereby a fast startup.Air compressor supplying the oxygen to the stack is an important component in the fuel cell systems. The compressor can consumes up to 20 % of the generated power in the most severe cases. The selecting of the compressor and corresponding control are directly related to the performance of the fuel cell. The size and weight of the air compressor has to be reduced to make them more feasible for automotive applications. Moreover, the control of the air compression system is also an important issue, which affects the efficiency and the safety of the fuel cell. To avoid oxygen starvation of the stack, the mass flow of the supplied air has to be controlled appropriately according to the load demand. Meanwhile, the pressure should not have large deviations or ripples which may damage the stack membrane.In this thesis, the requirements to the compressor for fuel cell applications are discussed. And several kinds of compressor are compared, including positive displacement types and dynamic superchargers. In the view of compactness, an ultra-high speed, up to 280,000 rpm, centrifugal compressor is adopted. The centrifugal compressor which is a kind of dynamics superchargers converts the kinetic energy of the air to the pressure. Compared with positive displacement compressors, it has the advantages of compactness, high efficiency and low noise, making it more suitable for automotive applications. However, the difficulty of the control as well as the surge iv constraint obstructs its industrial implementation for fuel cells.In this dissertation, The model of the air compression system is developed and the coupling between the model inputs and outputs are analyzed. The compressor map is measured and then fitted by a two hidden layer neural network model. The relative gain array (RGA) method is used for the coupling analysis. It shows that the coupling degree varies as the operation point changes because of the nonlinearity of the system. The second part of this work focuses on solving the control problems to adapt the centrifugal compressor to the fuel cell system. The objective is to control the mass flow and pressure simultaneously according to the fuel cell load demand. The problem lies in the coupling between the mass flow control and pressure control because the variations of one variable will also lead to the deviation of the other one. The interaction between the two control loops declines the performance of the fuel cell...

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“…Active flow control has been used for various applications in order to enhance stability of unsteady flow, such as for stabilization of compressor surge in jet engines [15,39]. Small disturbances in the incoming flow can have large repercussions on the system stability.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced-Order, Trajectory Piecewise-Linear Models for Nonlinear Computational Fluid Dynamics

Gratton

Willcox

2004

34th AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit

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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is now widely used throughout the fluid dynamics community and yields accurate models for problems of interest. However, due to its high computational cost, CFD is limited for some applications. Therefore, model reduction has been used to derive low-order models that replicate CFD behavior over a restricted range of inputs, and various frameworks have been developed. Unfortunately, the majority of those methods are limited to linear cases and do not properly handle reduction of nonlinear systems.In order to overcome restrictions of weak nonlinearity and the costly representation of the system's nonlinearity found in other nonlinear reduction approaches, a trajectory piecewise-linear (TPWL) scheme is developed for a CFD model of the twodimensional Euler equations. The approach uses a weighted combination of linearized models to represent the nonlinear CFD system. Using a set of training trajectories obtained via a simulation of the nonlinear CFD model, algorithms are presented for linearization point selection and weighting of the models. Using the same training trajectories to provide a snapshot ensemble, the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is used to create a reduced-space basis, onto which the TPWL model is projected. This projection yields an efficient reduced-order model of the nonlinear system, which does not require the evaluation of any full-order system residuals, while capturing a large portion of the nonlinear space.The method is applied to the case of flow through an actively controlled supersonic diffuser. Convergence of the TPWL approach is presented for both full-order and reduced-order cases. The TPWL approach and the POD combine naturally to form an efficient reduction procedure and the methodology is found to yield accurate results, including cases with significant shock motion. Reduced-order PWL models are shown to be three orders of magnitude more efficient than the nonlinear CFD for simulation of a representative test case. AcknowledgmentsA number of peoples contributed in various ways to the last two years of my life here, in Boston, and made them more than enjoyable and memorable.Foremost on my list is my advisor, Karen, who helped me more than anything else in getting through MIT. Even though a communication problem initially restricted the flow of information between us, and despite the fact that I thought for a long time that she was English, she has always shown me a great deal of patience. Also, the availability, guidance and responsiveness she provided during all that time went beyond any expectations I possibly could have had for a research advisor. I will never thank her enough for the opportunities to go to Rotterdam and Singapore.Thanks to Jim Paduano and all the member of the supersonic project for their initial interest toward me and allowing me such an easy switch to model order reduction. Thanks to Mark Drela who provided me with precious hints in debugging mtflow. I must also acknowledge Michal Rewienski and Alexandre Megretsk...

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Active Control of Rotating Stall in a Low Speed Axial Compressor

Cited by 58 publications

References 5 publications

Summer Research Extension Program. Volume 4A. Wright Laboratory

Summer Research Extension Program. Volume 4A. Wright Laboratory

Control of an Ultrahigh-Speed Centrifugal Compressor for the Air Management of Fuel Cell Systems

Reduced-Order, Trajectory Piecewise-Linear Models for Nonlinear Computational Fluid Dynamics

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