Activity of ethanolic extract of Clerodendrum violaceum leaves against Plasmodium berghei in mice

Abstract

The antimalarial potential of the ethanolic extract of Clerodendrum violaceum leaves (13 mg/kg body weight) was investigated in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. Haematological indices including the red blood cell indices, the white blood cell indices and platelet count were also evaluated on days 3, 8 and 14 after infection. Phytochemical screening revealed a predominance of alkaloids (3.68 %), and phenolics (2.78 %) in the extract. The extract suppressed parasitaemia following administration to infected mice by 92.3% on day 14 post-infection. The infected extracttreated animals had significantly higher (P<0.05) red blood cell count (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), white blood cell count (WBC), and platelet count than the infected untreated animals. The results suggest that the extract possesses considerable antimalarial activity and may induce synthesis of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. These results support further studies on Clerodendrum violaceum leaf as a source of antimalarial remedy.

Increase in neutrophil count after repeated exposure of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice to artemisinin

“…(11) Many research studies of medicinal plants have shown them to have antimalarial activity by inducing the synthesis of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. (20,21) A limitation of this study is that the leukocyte profile data were obtained by using blood smear preparations only, whereas specialized tools are required such as heme analyzers to obtain results with better validity. The clinical implication of this study is that this exposure model of artemisinin with in vivo repeated passages in mice infected with P.berghei can be used as a basis to describe the functioning of the immune system against infections with P. berghei parasites which have been exposed to repeated artemisinin.…”

Comparative study of chloroquine and quinine on malaria rodents and their effects on the mouse testis

“…Generally, the symptoms of malaria in human include headache, muscle pain, stress, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, weakness and in extreme cases of cerebral malaria [23] . There are many reports due to effects of some chemical and natural compound with different doses against P. berghei [24,25] .…”

“…Methods: In this study, 48 adult male mice, (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) 8 when compared to that on day 0, whereas it was 9% on day 9. There was no orchitis found in this group.…”

“…The adult male albino mice, (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) g), 8 to 12 weeks old were selected. Animals were housed under 12/12 h light/dark cycle, and were given easy access to food and water.…”

Augmentation of antioxidant system: Contribution to antimalarial activity of Clerodendrum violaceum leaf extract

“…Clerodendrum violaceum Gürke (Verbenaceae) is commonly called Clerodendrum in English and "Ewe isedun" in Yoruba (Nigeria); a decoction of the leaves is used for the treatment of fever/malaria. Our previous studies have authenticated the acclaimed antimalarial activity of its leaf extract in folk medicine (Balogun et al, 2010). However, there is paucity of information on the possible amelioration of secondary ROS-mediated pathological conditions associated with malaria.…”