Activity, short-term stability (poisoning tolerance) and durability of carbon supported Pt–Pr catalysts for ethanol oxidation

Corradini, Patrícia Gon; Antolini, Ermete; Perez, Joelma

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.11.078

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The acetic acid production at 1280 cm -1 occurred only at potentials higher than 600 mV for Pt/C and at 750 mV for the bimetallic catalysts. This band increased continuously for all the studied catalysts indicating that acetic acid formation occurred through acetaldehyde oxidation and/or intermediates such as acetate [56].…”

Section: Fig 11mentioning

confidence: 91%

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Highly active Pt3Rh/C nanoparticles towards ethanol electrooxidation. Influence of the catalyst structure

Almeida

Ferreira

Huang

et al. 2019

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

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The electrochemical oxidation of ethanol results in the formation of strongly adsorbed intermediates. Pt-Rh catalysts are proposed as alternatives since they easy the CC bond breaking. However, the effect of the Pt-Rh structure on the catalytic activity and selectivity to CO2 is not well understood. Here, we synthesised Pt/C and two different Pt-Rh/C catalyst architectures, an alloy (Pt3Rh/C) and a bimetallic mixture (Pt3-Rh/C) to study the effect of catalyst structure on its catalytic activity and on the products formed during the ethanol oxidation in acid media. The nanoparticles were prepared by a modified polyol reduction method using ethylene glycol as a co-reducing agent and Pb as a material of sacrifice, to obtain very small and well-dispersed nanoparticles on the carbon support. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and derivative voltammetry was used to give insights about the ethanol oxidation mechanism occurring at the developed catalysts. The samples characterised by X-ray diffraction analysis showed distortions in the Pt lattice parameters for the Pt-Rh alloy structure due to the presence of Rh in the catalyst's composition. Transmission electron microscopy analyses indicate that nanoparticles were well-dispersed on a carbon support, with spherical shapes and small particle sizes (2-3 nm). In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy data evidence that Pt-Rh interactions produce changes in the Pt 5d band vacancy. The electronic effect is maximized when Pt forms an alloy with Rh, resulting in the highest d-band vacancy of the Pt3Rh/C. The Pt3Rh/C catalyst showed the highest activity towards ethanol oxidation, presenting current densities in a quasi-steady-state condition (measured at 600 mV) around 5.2 times higher than the commercial Pt/C (Alfa Aesar). Moreover, the onset potential for ethanol oxidation shifts to more negative potentials (110 mV lower taken at 1 mA cm-2) was also observed. In situ FTIR data revealed that Pt/C catalyst favours the formation of acetic acid. The synergistic effect between Rh and the alloy structure results in an easier CC bond breaking for Pt3Rh/C, in comparison to Pt3-Rh mixture, thus favouring CO2 formation at lower potentials.

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Section: Fig 11mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…8 and 9), or CO and CH3, resulting from C-C bond cleavage (Eqs. 10 and 11)[56]. Most of the Pt active surface is then covered with adsorbed reaction intermediaries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly active Pt3Rh/C nanoparticles towards ethanol electrooxidation. Influence of the catalyst structure

Almeida

Ferreira

Huang

et al. 2019

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

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“…The gas chromatography results displayed that Pt‐Sn could fully oxidize the ethanol molecule over Pt‐Ru 89 . Anode catalysts have the forms of Pt, Pt‐Ru, and Pt‐Sn and include Pt‐Ni, 90 Pt‐Pd, 91 Pt‐Sn‐Ce, 92 Pt‐Au, 93 Pt‐Pr, 94 Pt‐TiO 2 , 95 Pt‐Re‐Sn, 96 Pt‐Sn‐Pr, 97 and Pt‐Ir‐Sn 98 …”

Section: Class Of Dlfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and challenges: Review for direct liquid fuel cell

et al. 2021

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Summary Direct liquid fuel cell (DLFC) is one of the leading fuel cell types due to their great features of superior energy density, modest configuration, small size in fuel container, immediate boosting, and effortless storage and carriage. Commercially used liquid fuel types are prepared using alcohols, such as methanol or ethanol, glycol, and acids. DLFCs face great challenges although they are potentially far‐reaching depending on the expensive catalysts and the use of high‐loading catalyst. More questions that should be addressed to ensure excellent DLFC performance include cathode flooding, fuel crossover, numerous side yield production, fuel security, and unverified elongated‐duration robustness. Further studies need to be carried out to ensure the continuous improvement of the quality of DLFCs' performance and their penetration in the commercial market. To date, direct liquid fuel cells made of methanol and ethanol have been successfully produced in commercial scale, but other types of DLFCs are still under study. In this review, introduction to DLFC will be discussed by covering work and commercialization as well as recent progress and challenges encountered.

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“…Apart from Ce and La, other REs (e.g., Eu, Nd, Pr) have been added to Pt and Pt-based alloys, and their effect on the ethanol oxidation efficiency and mechanism has been investigated [116][117][118][119]. Despite the progress reported above for the rational design of high-performance EOR catalysts, several fundamental and practical issues of catalysts remain to be addressed [120][121][122][123].…”

Section: Pt-co Adsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The durability of the EOR catalysts is usually evaluated by repetitive potential cycling under an Ar atmosphere and/or CO atmosphere. Information about the stability of the electrodes is not as common as about their catalytic activity, but there are some published stability studies on the EOR/DEFC by Pt-RE materials [51,111,112,115,118,123].…”

Section: Electrochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol Electrooxidation at Platinum-Rare Earth (RE = Ce, Sm, Ho, Dy) Binary Alloys

et al. 2020

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct alcohol fuel cells have been extensively studied over the last three decades or so. They have emerged as potential systems to power portable applications, providing clean energy, and offering good commercial viability. Ethanol is considered one of the most interesting fuels in this field. Herein, platinum-rare earth (Pt-RE) binary alloys (RE = Ce, Sm, Ho, Dy, nominal composition 50 at.% Pt) were produced and studied as anodes for ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) in alkaline medium. A Pt-Dy alloy with nominal composition 40 at.% Pt was also tested. Their electrocatalytic performance was evaluated by voltammetric and chronoamperometric measurements in 2 M NaOH solution with different ethanol concentrations (0.2–0.8 M) in the 25–45 °C temperature range. Several EOR kinetic parameters were determined for the Pt-RE alloys, namely the charge transfer and diffusion coefficients, and the number of exchanged electrons. Charge transfer coefficients ranging from 0.60 to 0.69 and n values as high as 0.7 were obtained for the Pt0.5Sm0.5 electrode. The EOR reaction order at the Pt-RE alloys was found to vary between 0.4 and 0.9. The Pt-RE electrodes displayed superior performance for EOR than bare Pt, with Pt0.5Sm0.5 exhibiting the highest electrocatalytic activity. The improved electrocatalytic activity in all of the evaluated Pt-RE binary alloys suggests a strategy for the solution of the existing anode issues due to the structure-sensitive EOR.

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Activity, short-term stability (poisoning tolerance) and durability of carbon supported Pt–Pr catalysts for ethanol oxidation

Cited by 24 publications

References 50 publications

Highly active Pt3Rh/C nanoparticles towards ethanol electrooxidation. Influence of the catalyst structure

Highly active Pt3Rh/C nanoparticles towards ethanol electrooxidation. Influence of the catalyst structure

Progress and challenges: Review for direct liquid fuel cell

Ethanol Electrooxidation at Platinum-Rare Earth (RE = Ce, Sm, Ho, Dy) Binary Alloys

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