Actual solubility (S_|real.|), level of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB_Requ., HLB_D, HLB_G) and partition coefficient (log P) of phytochemicals contained in Ext. Camellia sinensis L. aqu. siccum in the light of general Hildebrand-Scatchard-Fedors theory of solubility

Abstract

Summary Introduction: Using the general Hildebrand-Scatchard-Fedors theory of solubility, the mole fraction (x2) of solubility of phytochemicals contained in the dry green tea leaves was calculated which determines the profile of pharmacological activity. Objective: The applicative purpose of the study was to estimate the actual solubility of phytochemicals – S|real.| [mol/dm3] in water and in water-ethanol solutions of diversified polarity (εM) for their selective extraction and optimal formulation of oral solid dosage form. Methods: The basic physico-chemical and structural quantities of phytochemicals and corresponding mathematical equations of general Hildebrand-Scatchard-Fedors theory of solubility were used to calculate the actual solubility – S|real.| and the level of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB). Results: The calculated actual solubility values – S|real.| [mol/dm3] collated with correlation equations enabled the assessment of phytochemical capability for the process of mass exchange on phase boundary. Correlation equations for the dependence log P = f (– log S|real.|) point to the structural preferences of phytochemicals in the kinetics of the mass exchange (diffusion) through the natural phase boundary. Conclusions: Calculations and correlations between the values characterizing the actual solubility – S|real.|, media polarity (water, ethanol and their solutions) and the partition coefficient (log P) including the level of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) show that basing on thermodynamic components of the general Hildebrand-Scatchard-Fedors theory of solubility, the diffusion profile of phytochemicals contained in the green tea extract (Ext. Camellia sinensis L. aqu. siccum) through the biological phase boundary as well as optimal choice of the extraction medium for selective extraction of the class of phytochemicals can be estimated.

Development of HPLC Method for Catechins and Related Compounds Determination and Standardization in Miang (Traditional Lanna Fermented Tea Leaf in Northern Thailand)

“…By contrast, the hydrophilic compounds, observed from the low values of log P, distributed efficiently into the mobile phase, resulting in quick processing. The log P-values of GA, GC, EGC, C, Caf., EC, EGCG, GCG, and ECG were 1.13, 1.49, 1.49, 1.80, −0.55, 1.80, 3.08, 3.08, and 3.88, respectively, as shown in Table 2 , which correspond to the sequence in this study [ 37 ]. Moreover, the functional and size of the molecules shown in Figure 4 are involved causing the separation sequence as illustrated in Figure 3 .…”

Selected physicochemical and solubilization properties of pharmacopeal solutions of dry green tea leaf extract (Ext. Camellia sinensis L. folium aqu. siccum)

“…Camellia sinensis L. folium aqu. siccum) [13] have been the inspiration for conducting preformulation studies on the surface activity and solubilization capacities in equilibrium system in model solutions of acceptor fluids (water, 0.1 mol HCl, phosphate buffer of pH ( a H + ) = 6.88).…”

“…Camellia sinensis L. folium aqu. siccum) [13] were the inspiration for determining the physicochemical properties of aqueous solutions of the extract and, above all, for the determination of caffeine in exposure solutions after equilibrium solubilization in the medium of specific osmotic pressure of ketoprofen and granulometrically modified cholesterol [14,15].…”

Preparation and Evaluation of Silymarin‐Loaded Solid Eutectic for Enhanced Anti‐Inflammatory, Hepatoprotective Effect: In Vitro–In Vivo Prospect

“…The possibility behind this is it may be due to the hydrophobic nature of most of the active constituents. These formulation challenges, mainly low solubility and poor bioavailability, limit the scope and commercial availability of phytochemicals [ 2 , 3 ]. The formulation development of large number of phytoconstituents is also problematic.…”