Acute and subchronic toxicity of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-141 b)

Acute toxicity and sub-chronic toxicity of steroidal saponins from Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright in rodents

“…According to Horn, falls in the category of non-toxic substances, since, plants or plant products with LD 50 higher than 2-3 g/kg are considered free of any toxicity (Horn, 1956). A product is considered non-toxic if no deaths are registered and no clinical signs of toxicity are observed at doses at or below 5 g/kg in acute toxicity studies (Brock et al, 1995). Above all, steroidal saponins from Dioscorea zingiberensis do not have significant toxicity.…”

Acute and sub-chronic toxicity of an aqueous extract of the leaves of Herniaria glabra in rodents

“…Furthermore, our previous studies have shown that the saponin isolated from LD 50 of Herniaria glabra is 2.49 g/kg (Rhiouani et al, 1999), which according to Horn (1956), falls in the category of non-toxic substances, since, plants or plant products with LD 50 higher than 2-3 g/kg are considered free of any toxicity. The highest dose of HG-extract which did not cause any toxicity was 5 g/kg, suggesting that the HG-extract is relatively non-toxic, since in acute toxicity studies, a product is considered non-toxic if no deaths are registered and no clinical signs of toxicity are observed at doses at or below 5 g/kg (Brock et al, 1995).…”

Bioactivation to free radicals and cytotoxicity of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b)

“…Acute and subchronic inhalation exposure to HCFC-141b is responsible for various adverse eå ects in rats, rabbits, guinea pigs and dogs. In a 90-day study in rat, a dosedependent reduction in body weight at 20000 ppm in both sexes and at 2000 and 8000 ppm in males, a decreased responsiveness at 20000 ppm in rat and an increase in serum cholesterol and triglycerides at 20000 ppm in both sexes and in triglycerides at 8000 in males were observed (Brock et al 1995). Moreover, a positive cardiac sensitization response to an intravenous epinephrine challenge was observed in dog at 5000 ppm (Brock et al 1995).…”

“…In a 90-day study in rat, a dosedependent reduction in body weight at 20000 ppm in both sexes and at 2000 and 8000 ppm in males, a decreased responsiveness at 20000 ppm in rat and an increase in serum cholesterol and triglycerides at 20000 ppm in both sexes and in triglycerides at 8000 in males were observed (Brock et al 1995). Moreover, a positive cardiac sensitization response to an intravenous epinephrine challenge was observed in dog at 5000 ppm (Brock et al 1995). Repeated inhalation exposure of rat and guinea pig to 8240± 10 300 ppm HCFC-141b for 4 weeks induced changes in liver and kidney function tests and histopathological eå ects in the respiratory tract (ECETOC 1994).…”