Acute heat stress in growing rats: effect on small intestinal morphometry and in vivo absorption

Sengupta, Arup; Sharma, Rohit

doi:10.1016/0306-4565(93)90028-r

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In the study reported here, numbers of Salmonella Enteritidis associated with the ileum were greater in heat-stressed birds (8.77 log 10 cfu/g) compared with nonstressed birds (8.50 log 10 cfu/g ileum; Figure 2), indicating that stress may contribute to increased intestinal colonization by Salmonella. This is supported by previous findings that heat stress may have damaging effects on mucosal structure (Sengupta and Sharma, 1993). In addition, heat shock proteins, whose expression can be induced by high ambient temperature and other environmental stressors (Lindquist, 1986;Lindquist and Craig, 1988), may act as epithelial surface receptors for pathogen binding (Dziewanowska et al, 2000;Wampler et al, 2004).…”

Section: Adhesion Of Salmonella Enteritidis To Intestinal Tissue Follsupporting

confidence: 55%

Influence of Stressors on Normal Intestinal Microbiota, Intestinal Morphology, and Susceptibility to Salmonella Enteritidis Colonization in Broilers

et al. 2008

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In modern poultry production systems, environmental stressors may influence bird performance and susceptibility to pathogens such as Salmonella Enteritidis. Experiments were conducted to determine the influence of 24-h feed withdrawal and 24-h exposure to high temperature (30 degrees C) on intestinal characteristics of broilers. Attachment of Salmonella Enteritidis to ileal tissue was determined using an in vitro ileal loop assay. Changes in commensal intestinal microbial populations were determined using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, and alterations in ileal morphology were determined histologically. Ex vivo attachment of Salmonella Enteritidis to ileal tissues increased by 1.5 logs (9.05 log10 vs. 7.59 log (10) Salmonella Enteritidis/g of ileal tissue; P = 0.0006) in broilers fasted for 24 h. Similarly, ileal tissues from birds subjected to 30 degrees C for 24 h had increased ex vivo attachment of Salmonella Enteritidis (8.77 log(10) vs. 8.50 log(10) Salmonella Enteritidis/g of ileum; P = 0.01) compared with birds held at 23 degrees C. Exposure to 30 degrees C for 24 h also altered microbial community structure in the ileum and cecum. Subjecting birds to 30 degrees C for 24 h reduced crypt depth (6.0 vs. 7.8 microm, respectively; P = 0.002), but had no effect on villus height or villus:crypt ratio. This research shows that acute stressors in poultry production systems can cause changes in the normal intestinal microbiota and epithelial structure, which may lead to increased attachment of Salmonella Enteritidis.

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Section: Adhesion Of Salmonella Enteritidis To Intestinal Tissue Follsupporting

confidence: 55%

Influence of Stressors on Normal Intestinal Microbiota, Intestinal Morphology, and Susceptibility to Salmonella Enteritidis Colonization in Broilers

et al. 2008

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“…This might have an effect only on the nutrients digested by endogenously secreted enzymes. The reason for the decrease in digestibility from the 24" to 32" environments could be explained by a change of the smallintestinal mucosa due to temperature differences as discussed by Sengupta & Sharma (1993). In their experiment rats under acute heat stress at 37" had a lower capacity for absorption.…”

Section: Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 96%

The influence of dietary fibre on body composition, visceral organ weight, digestibility and energy balance in rats housed in different thermal environments

1995

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Tbe present study was undertaken to provide detailed information on the effect of dietary fibre (DF) level on body composition, visceral organ weight, nntrient digestibility and on energy and protein metabolism of rats housed in cold (16"), warm (24") or hot (32") thermal environments. High-or low-fibre diets (257 v. 56 g DF/kg dry matter (DM)) were studied in a 6-week balance experiment (initial body weight about 100 9). Heat production was measured using open-air circuit respiration chambers. Pea fibre and pectin were used to adjust the DF level in the high-fibre diet. The ranking order of daily gain of rats kept in different environments was: 24" > 16' > 32", while the ranking order for carcass protein was: 16" > 24"> 32". Rats on the high-DF diet bad a lower daily gain than those on the low DF diet, and more protein in DM of empty body weight (EBW) and less fat. The relative weights (g/kg EBW) of liver, heart and kidney decreased when increasing the environmental temperature. The relative weight of the heart was highest in rats on the high DF level, while liver and kidney weights were unaffected by DF. Per kg EBW, the stomach, small intestine, caecum and colon and the length of colon were signillcantly greater in rats consuming the high-fibre diet compared with those on the low-fibre diet. Rats kept at low temperature had a significantly heavier gastrointestinal (GI) tract than those kept at the highest temperature. Digestibility of protein, DM and energy was lowest for rats fed on the high-fibre diet. Heat production (HP) of fed rats as well as fasting HP decreased significantly as environmental temperature increased.HP as a proportion of metabolizable energy (ME) was significantly lower for rats at 24" compared with the other environmental temperatures. The proportion of energy retained as protein was slightly higher in rats fed on the high-fibre than on the low-fibre diet. Based on the results of tbe present study the authors measured a net energy value of 5.4 kJ/g DF fermented; approximately 50% of the DF came from peas. Possible implications of the present findings are discussed.

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“…Ramirez et al [18] in the study reported here, numbers of Salmonella enteritidis associated with the ileum were greater in heat-stressed birds (8.77 log 10 cfu g −1 ) compared with non stressed birds (8.50 log 10 cfu g −1 ileum), indicating that stress may contribute to increased intestinal colonization by Salmonella. Moreover heat stress may have damaging effects on mucosal structure [20] . In addition, heat shock proteins, whose expression can be induced by high ambient temperature and other environmental stressors, Lindquist and Craig [9] , may act as epithelial surface receptors for pathogen binding [24] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stressors Influence on Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Colonization in Broilers

Soliman¹,

Taha²,

Infante³

et al. 2009

American J. of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Problem statement: Poultry industry usually exposing birds to a variety of actions and stressors includs fasting for gastrointestinal emptying before transportation and where birds are often exposed to high environmental temperature during the summer months. These environmental stressors may have influences on bird performance and susceptibility to pathogens such as Salmonella enteritidis by altering the intestinal micrbiota and changes in the gut integrity. Approach: This research was conducted to show that acute stressors in the poultry production can induce changes in the normal intestinal microbiota and epithelium structure and execratory functions, which may cause an increase in the opportunities of attachment of Salmonella enteritidis. Results: Experiments were conducted to determine the influence of 24 h feed withdrawal with 24 h exposure to high temperature (30°C) on intestinal characteristics of broilers. Attachment of Salmonella enteritidis to ileal tissue was determined using an in vitro ileal loop assay. Changes in commensally intestinal microbial populations were determined using gel electrophoresis and alterations in ileal morphology were determined histologically. The results showed that attachment of Salmonella enteritidis to ileal tissues increased by 1.5 logs (9.05 log 10 Vs 7.59 log 10 Salmonella enteritidis/g of ileal tissue; p = 0.0006) in broilers fasted for 24 h also, ileal tissues from birds subjected to 30°C for 24 h had increased the attachment of Salmonella enteritidis (8.77 log 10 Vs 8.50 log 10 Salmonella enteritidis/g of ileum; p = 0.01) compared with birds held at 23°C. Exposure to 30°C for 24 h also altered the microbial structure in the ileum and cecum. Where subjecting birds to 30°C for 24 h reduced the crypt depth (6.0 Vs 7.8 µm, respectively; p = 0.002), but it had no effect on villus height or villus: Crypt ratio. Conclusion: The findings of the experiment explained the mechanisms by which stressors alters the normal intestinal characterization and induces susceptibility to enteric infection. Future work should focus on the use of prophylactic measures to reduce the stress conditions causing alteration of the intestinal microbiota and changes in gut integrity like considering the probiotic organisms the offer a promising solution for reducing pathogen colonization when fed orally.

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Acute heat stress in growing rats: effect on small intestinal morphometry and in vivo absorption

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Influence of Stressors on Normal Intestinal Microbiota, Intestinal Morphology, and Susceptibility to Salmonella Enteritidis Colonization in Broilers

Influence of Stressors on Normal Intestinal Microbiota, Intestinal Morphology, and Susceptibility to Salmonella Enteritidis Colonization in Broilers

The influence of dietary fibre on body composition, visceral organ weight, digestibility and energy balance in rats housed in different thermal environments

Stressors Influence on Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Colonization in Broilers

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