Acute Myocardial Infarction Risk Factors and Correlation of its Markers with Serum Lipids

Abstract

Myocardial infarction is a term applied to myocardial necrosis secondary to an acute interruption of the coronary blood supply. Atherosclerosis is by far the most common cause of myocardial infarction. According to the INTERHEART study report, nine factors are responsible for 90% of myocardial infarctions. Modifiable risk factors include Diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, sedentary life style, obesity, stress and depression. The combination of several risk factors further enhances the risk. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of risk factors among AMI patients in Tajoura National Heart Center, Libya, and to detect the presence of correlation between AMI markers and serum lipids. This study was conducted from September, 2007 to April, 2008. On 120 acute myocardial infarction patients, 86 males and 34 females, and the results were compared to the results of 40 healthy persons (20 male and 20 female) with matched ages with the patients. The results of this study concluded that, ages of most male patients were from 45-65 years old, but most of female ages from 55-75 years old which means that, the incidence of AMI was occurred in males earlier than females. The most prevalent risk factor in male and female patients is diabetes. Smoking is the second risk factor in males, and hypertriglyceridemia was the second risk factor among female patients. The study was also showed correlation between total CK and CK-MB and total cholesterol concentration, but this was not found between LDH, TN-t and cholesterol, on the other hand, LDH was correlated with HDLC. Some disease factors contribute to the risk of myocardial infarction and they include diabetes mellitus (type 1 or 2), high blood pressure, dyslipidemia/hypercholesterolemia, particularly high amount of lowdensity lipoprotein, low amount of high density lipoprotein, high triglycerides, and obesity. 2,8 Atherosclerosis is by far the most common cause of myocardial infarction. According to the INTERHEART study report, nine factors are responsible for 90% of myocardial infarctions. Modifiable risk factors include Diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, sedentary life style, obesity, stress and depression. The combination of several risk factors further enhances the risk. Treatment of hypertension and dyslipidemia causes reduction in risk of myocardial infarction. As there is variability in the prevalence of risk factors in different populations, a highly potent factor in one country could be less important in another one. Keywords9 According to the study from west Sweden, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among women is commonly affected by multiple risk factors. Hence, women more commonly have diabetes and arterial hypertension, while cigarette smoking is the only factor of lower frequency. On the other side, men have 3-6 times higher risk of developing disease compared to women, since women develop disease approximately ten years later. The risk of developing diseases is increased with aging.10 Diabetes increases the...

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